Ngifunde kanjani ukuthi itheminali yebhethri iyini (indlela ebizayo)
Ngakho ngoLwesibili olwedlule ekuseni - ikakhulukazi ngoMashi 14 ngoba ngikhumbula ngibheka ifoni yami ngimi lapho njengesilima - iHonda Civic yami ka-2015 yayingaqali. Ukuchofoza nje. Umkami uSarah wayesevele ehlanya ngoba ngangithembise ukushayela indodakazi yethu u-Emma esikoleni lapho ngiya emsebenzini. "USHIYE izibani FUTHI?" Cha, angizange. Mhlawumbe.
Noma kunjalo, kubizwa ngokuthi i-roadside assistance. Umfana uvela ngemva kwemizuzu engu-45 (okwakusho ukuthi u-Emma wayephuzile ngempela futhi ngizwile ngakho). Avule isivalo, anyakazise okuthile, isuke imoto ngokushesha. Ngazizwa ngiyisilima. Wathi, "Itheminali yakho ikhululekile, mlingani." Ungikhokhise u-$85 ngokulungisa imizuzwana engu-30.
Kungaleso sikhathi lapho ngathatha khona isinqumo sokuthi mhlawumbe kufanele ngithole ukuthi iyini isihogo setheminali yebhethri.
Engangicabanga ukuthi ngiyazi (spoiler: nganginephutha)
Ukuvuma amahloni: Kuze kube yilolo Lwesibili, bengicabanga ukuthi ibhethri...ibhokisi elimnyama elenza ugesi? Njengokuthi, ubungagxuma uyiqale lapho ifa, futhi ngezikhathi ezithile ubuyishintsha yonke into e-Costco ngo-$120. Lokho bekungukuqonda kwami konke.
Kuvele ukuthi itheminali yebhethri iyinto yensimbi yokunamathisela - kahle, izinto EZIMBILI zokubopha insimbi - ezixhuma ibhethri lakho kuyo yonke imoto. Kukhona itheminali ephozithivu (elibomvu, elimakwe ngophawu +) kanye netheminali enegethivu (emnyama, ephawulwe ngokuthi -).
Ngithi "Bengicabanga ukuthi ngiyazi" kodwa ngokweqiniso ubaba wazama ukungichazela lokhu lapho ngineminyaka engu-17 futhi ngahlukaniswa ngokuphelele ngoba ngangicabanga ngoJessica Morrison. Uxolo baba.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwangempela (kobuchwepheshe-ish)
KULUNGILE ngakho ngemva kokuthotshiswa kosizo lomgwaqo, ngichithe ikhefu lami lesidlo sasemini ngibuka amavidiyo we-YouTube. Nakhu engikutholile:
Amatheminali empeleni ayizixhumi zikagesi.Amagxolo ebhethri (ama-nubs ensimbi aphuma ebhethrini) angena kuma-clamp etheminali. Izinsimbi zibe sezixhumeka kuzintambo ezigijima kusiqalisi sakho, i-alternator, kanye nakho konke okukagesi emotweni yakho.
Lapho lezo zinsimbi zixega - okwenzeka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kusukela ekudlidlizeni nasekushintsheni kwezinga lokushisa - uxhumano lukagesi luba buthaka noma luphazamise. Ngakho ukuchofoza esikhundleni sokuqala.
Izinto ezibonakalayo.Amatheminali amaningi ayingxube yomthofu noma ewumthofu ngoba umthofu uwuphatha kahle ugesi futhi uthambe ngokwanele ukwakha ukuxhumana okuhle nezigxobo zebhethri. Yize ngike ngabona ezethusi ku-inthanethi. Insizwa yakwa-AutoZone (lapho ngiye khona ngemva komsebenzi ngoba ngangizimisele ukuzilungisela lokhu ngokwami) ingitshele ukuthi amatheminali ashibhile angemuva yizinc, egqwala ngokushesha. Uzamile ukungithengisa kumatheminali ebanga lasolwandle-awubukhazikhazi ngo-$47. Angizithenganga lezo.
Umzamo wami wokuqala we-DIY (March 15th)
Ubuke amavidiyo amathathu e-YouTube. Wazizwa eqiniseka. Uthenge isethi entsha yamatheminali e-AutoZone ngo-$12.99 (hhayi lawo aphambili). Ngiboleke isethi yesokhethi kamakhelwane wami u-Dave ngoba ngiphethe isikrudrayiva esisodwa nesando.
Engakwenza:
Inqamule itheminali enegethivu kuqala (amavidiyo abephikelela KAKHULU ngaleli oda, okuthile mayelana nokungazifaki ugesi noma ubangele izinhlansi eduze kwebhethri)
Bese kunqanyulwa okuthi phozithivu
Kwaphawulwa ukuthi amatheminali amadala AMBOVWE ngokuphelele kule nto ewuqweqwe olumhlophe
Bekufanele ku-Google "izinto ezimhlophe kutheminali yebhethri" - kuvela ukuthi i-corrosion (amakristalu e-lead sulfate, uma ufuna ukuthola ubuchwepheshe)
Ngichithe imizuzu engu-20 ngikhuhla ngesoda yokubhaka namanzi njengoba i-inthanethi ingitshele
Izame ukufaka amatheminali amasha
Ayikwazanga ukuwaqinisa ngokwanele ngezikrufu zika-Dave
Akhumule elinye lamabhawodi
Adele aphuze ubhiya
Inkinga ngamatheminali ashibhile (ngifunde lokhu kanzima)
Amatheminali ka-$12.99 engawathenga ayewudoti. Izimbobo zamabhawodi zazingahambisani kahle nezinsimbi, futhi insimbi yayithambile kangangokuba ngahlubula imicu ngokushesha. Futhi - futhi akekho okutshela lokhu - kunama-SIZES ahlukene wamatheminali ebhethri.
Amabhethri ezimoto eNyakatho Melika ngokuvamile asebenzisa amatheminali e-SAE (Society of Automotive Engineers), okungamaposi aqoshiwe. Okuthunyelwe okuphozithivu kungu-17.5mm ububanzi phezulu, okunegethivu kungu-16mm. Ezinye izimoto zaseYurophu naseJapane zisebenzisa osayizi abahlukene. I-Civic yami, eyi-Honda, vele isebenzisa usayizi ojwayelekile we-SAE, kodwa amatheminali ashibhile engiwathengile ngokusobala aklanyelwe "ukufaneleka kwendawo yonke" okusho ukuthi empeleni awalingani lutho ngokuphelele.
Ngigcine ngithenge amatheminali e-Honda OEM kumthengisi ngo-$38 (yebo, inani eliphindwe kathathu) futhi afakwe kahle ngaphansi kwemizuzu emi-5. Ukhokhela ikhwalithi, njll.
Izinhlobo zamatheminali engizifundile manje zikhona
Kusukela kuleyo fiasco ngehle kancane emgodini onogwaja. Ngokusobala kunenqwaba yemiklamo yetheminali:
Amatheminali{0}eposi aphezulu– Ezijwayelekile like on my Honda. Okuthunyelwe kunamathela phezulu kwebhethri.
Amatheminali-eposi aseceleni- Izimoto zakwaGM zivame ukusebenzisa lezi. Okuthunyelwe kuyizimbobo ezinochungechunge KUSIDE sebhethri. Umngane wami u-Alex une-Chevy Silverado yango-2018 enamaposi-eceleni futhi uyafunga ukuthi bangcono ngoba ngeke akhululeke kalula. Angiqiniseki ukuthi ngiyamkholwa kodwa noma yini.
Amatheminali olwandle- Lezi yizo i-AutoZone guy ezame ukungithengisa. Kucatshangwa ukuthi azikwazi ukugqwala{1}}kakhudlwana ekufakeni izicelo zezikebhe. Abanye banamantongomane aphiko ukuze ukwazi ukuwaqinisa ngaphandle kwamathuluzi.
Amatheminali ezempi– Ufunde ngalokhu esithangamini. Ngokuyisisekelo zingaphezu{1}}izinguqulo ezinjiniyela ezinokumelana nokugqwala okungcono nokubekezelela ukudlidliza. Akudingekile neze kuHonda Civic kodwa kupholile ukwazi ukuthi zikhona.
Esheshayo-nqamula amatheminali- Lezi zinomshini wokuxhuma ukuze ukwazi ukunqamula ibhethri ngokushesha. Kubonakala kuwusizo uma usebenza ohlelweni lukagesi kakhulu. Noma uma udidekile mayelana nokuphuma kwebhethri lapho ugcina imoto (njengomalume ogcina i-Mustang yakhe ye-vintage egaraji izinyanga ezingu-10 ngonyaka).
Inkinga yokugqwala (usabhekene nalokhu)
Ngakho-ke nansi into okungekho muntu okutshela yona: ngisho namatheminali amasha afakwe kahle, ukugqwala kuyabuya. Sekuphele izinyanga eziyisi-6 ngishintsha amatheminali ami futhi sekukhona ungqimba oluncane lwalolo qweqwe olumhlophe olwakhayo.
Ngabuza umakhenikha wami ngalokhu - yebo, bekufanele ngithathe imoto ngiyofuna enye into futhi ekugcineni ngavuma okwenzekile - futhi wangihleka. Ngokusobala ukugqwala kumane nje... kujwayelekile? Kwenzeka ngenxa yokusabela kwamakhemikhali phakathi komthofu nomhwamuko we-sulfuric acid ebhethrini.
Uphakamise:
Ukumboza amatheminali nge-dielectric grease noma i-petroleum jelly (Ngithenge igrisi, angikakawasebenzisi ngoba ngilokhu ngikhohlwa)
Ukusebenzisa lawo mawasha azwiwayo acwiliswe -ezintweni ezivimbela ukugqwala (kubonakala kumnandi kodwa angama-$3 kuphela)
Empeleni ngibheka amatheminali njalo ezinyangeni ezimbalwa (ngizokhohlwa nakanjani ukwenza lokhu)
Insizwa ye-AutoZone iphinde yasho esinye isifutho-esikhumbeni{1}}sokugqwala esingu-$8.99. Angizange ngiyithenge ngaleso sikhathi ngoba ngangivele nginamahloni ngaso sonke isimo, kodwa ngicabanga ukuphindela emuva. Kungenzeka. Uma ngikhumbula.
Izinto zokuphepha (ngifisa ngabe ngazi lokhu kuqala)
I-asidi yebhethri ayiyona ihlaya.Amabhethri emoto aqukethe i-sulfuric acid. Uma uqhephuka ikesi lebhethri noma uzichithele i-asidi, izosha. Bengingakwazi lokhu ngenkathi ngikhuhla amatheminali ami futhi ngiphethe ibhethri ezandleni zami. Ngayigeza ngokushesha lapho izandla zami ziqala ukuzizwa zixakile. Mhlawumbe bekufanele ngabe ugqoke amagilavu.
Izinhlansi eziseduze namabhethri zingabangela ukuqhuma.Yingakho unqamula i-negative kuqala bese uphinde uyixhume ekugcineni. Ibhethri ikhiqiza igesi ye-hydrogen, eqhumayo. Inhlansi endaweni engafanele ingabangela ukuthi ibhethri liqhume, lifafaze i-asidi yonke indawo. Angiqiniseki ukuthi lokhu kuvame kangakanani kodwa amavidiyo we-YouTube ayethusa kakhulu ngakho.
Itheminali ephozithivu akufanele neze ithinte insimbi.Uma unqamula itheminali ephozithivu futhi isikrufu sakho sivala ukuxhumana phakathi kwetheminali nohlaka lwemoto, uzodala isifunda esifushane. Lokhu kungashisela i-wrench yakho emotweni (empeleni kwenzeke kumfana ku-Reddit), kubangele ukusha, noma konakalise isistimu kagesi. Bengicophelela kakhulu ngalokhu.
Ochwepheshe benza ngokuhlukile
Lapho ekugcineni ngiyisa imoto yami kumthengisi ukuze ngiyoshintsha uwoyela (yebo, ezinye izinto ngiyazikhokhela ngokomsebenzi), ngabuka uchwepheshe ebheka ibhethri lami. Kwamthatha imizuzwana eyi-15. Ubenalesi sihloli sebhethri esezingeni eliphezulu esikala i-voltage, ama-amp abandayo e-cranking, nokumelana kwangaphakathi. Wabe esefaka uhlobo oluthile lomthwalo ebhethrini ukuze alihlole ngaphansi kwengcindezi.
Uphinde wasebenzisa isikrufu setorque sangempela ukuze aqinise amatheminali ngendlela eqondile - ngokusobala i-Honda iwafuna ku-4.9 Nm (3.6 ft-lb) we-torque. Bengilokhu ngiwaqinisa aze azizwe "eshelela" okungenzeka ukuthi axege kakhulu noma aqine kakhulu. Akazange angikhokhise ngalokhu kuhlola, okwakukuhle.
Ukwehlukaniswa kwezindleko (ngenxa yobuwula bami)
Ake ngihlanganise ukuthi le nkinga "elula" ingibizeleni:
Usizo lokuqala lomgwaqo: $85
Isethi yokuqala yamatheminali ashibhile (amoshiwe): $12.99
Isethi yesibili (Honda OEM): $38
Isoda yokubhaka nebhulashi lokuhlanza: besenginalo
Ukubekezela kukaDave: kumahhala kodwa kunzima
Ekugcineni isevisi yomthengisi yokuqinisekisa ukuthi angimoshanga lutho: $0 (ifakwe nokushintshwa kukawoyela)
Izindleko uma ngingavele ngishayele kumthengisi ngokushesha: mhlawumbe u-$45 ukuze baqinise itheminali
Isamba sezindleko ezingadingekile: $135.99
Ngabe ngithenge lezo theminali zasolwandle ezinhle phela. Kabili.
Izinto engingakaziqondi ngokugcwele
Ngisho nangemva kwakho konke lokhu, kunezinto ezingididayo:
Kungani okuthunyelwe okuphozithivu kudingeka kube kukhulu kunokunegethivu?Ingabe kungenxa yezinjongo zokuhlonza noma ihlobene nokugeleza kwamanje? Ngifunde izincazelo ezintathu ezahlukene ku-inthanethi futhi zonke ziyaphikisana.
Kuyini ukusebenza ngama-shim wetheminali yebhethri?Lokhu ngikubone ku-Amazon - izikhala zensimbi ezizacile ezihamba phakathi kweposi netheminali uma kukhona ukulingana okuxekethile. Ingabe lezi ziyasebenza ngempela noma{1}}ziwusizo lwamatheminali ashibhile?
Ungakwazi ukusebenzisa noma yimuphi umqhubi?Njengokuthi, ngokwethiyori, ungakwazi ukubophela intambo yethusi ngqo endaweni yebhethri ngaphandle kwetheminali? Ngiqagela ukuthi cha ngenxa yokugqwala nokuxhumeka kabi, kodwa empeleni angazi.
Ingabe izimoto zikagesi zinamatheminali amabhethri?Ngisho, kufanele babe nendlela ethile yokuxhuma iphakethe lebhethri, akunjalo? Kodwa ngibheja ukuthi ahluke ngokuphelele kumatheminali-e-asidi engisebenza nawo. Okuthile okufanele ngicwaninge uma ngike ngihambe ngogesi, uSarah alokhu ephakamisa ngoba "awukwazi ngisho nokunakekela imoto evamile, Mike."
Akanaphutha.
Izifundo ezifundiwe (ekugcineni)
Ukube ubungangibuza ezinyangeni ezintathu ezedlule ukuthi ibiyini itheminali yebhethri, bengizokunika iso elingenalutho. Manje sengingabhoreka noma ubani ephathini ngolwazi lwami olusha. Nazi izinto ezingokoqobo engizifundile:
Indaba yesondlo.Ukuhlola amatheminali akho njalo ezinyangeni eziyisi-6 kuthatha imizuzu emi-2 futhi kungakongela ucingo losizo lomgwaqo. Ngizokwenza lokhu ngempela? Ngibuze ezinyangeni eziyisi-6.
Thenga izingxenye zekhwalithi.Amatheminali akwaHonda angama-$38 abelingana nesenti ngalinye uma kuqhathaniswa nodoti ongu-$12.99.
Ukugqwala kujwayelekile kodwa kuyalawuleka.Lezo zinto ezimhlophe ezinoqweqwe yi-lead sulfate. Hlanza nge-baking soda namanzi. Kugweme ngamafutha noma ngesifutho. Noma vele uzibe kuze kube yilapho imoto yakho ingasaqali futhi (akunconywa).
I-Negative kuqala, inegethivu ekugcineni.Uma unqamula: kunegethivu kuqala, bese kuba yiphozithivu. Uma uxhuma kabusha: kuhle kuqala, bese kuba kunegethivu. Lokhu kukugcina ungafinyeleli izinto ngephutha.
Ukuqina kubalulekile.Amatheminali axegayo adala izinkinga zokuqala. Ngaphezulu{1}}amatheminali aqinile angaqhafaza ikesi lebhethri noma akhumule imicu. Sebenzisa i-torque wrench uma unaso (namanje anginayo).
Kwesinye isikhathi kuyafaneleka ukukhokhela uchwepheshe.Yebo, ngichithe u-$136 ngifunda ukwenza okuthile umakhenikha obengakulungisela u-$45. Kodwa manje sengiyazi, futhi ngokuzayo ngizogcina imali. Mhlawumbe.
Izinto ezihlobene okungahleliwe engizitholile
Ngenkathi ngicwaninga amatheminali ebhethri, ngawela phansi izimbobo ezimbalwa zonogwaja:
Amatheminali ebhethri akhona.Uma amatheminali akho ebambeke ngempela kokuthunyelwe (ukugqwala kungawashisela), kukhona ithuluzi elikhethekile elibizwa ngokuthi i-terminal puller yebhethri. Kufana no-$12 e-Harbour Freight. Anginayo ngoba amatheminali ami asebenze kahle, kodwa kuhle ukwazi ukuthi ikhona.
Abanye abantu baqoqa amabhethri e-vintage.Kunezinkundla ezinikezelwe kumabhethri emoto amadala kanye nemiklamo yawo yokugcina. Lokhu kubonakala kuwuhlanya kimi kodwa ngaphinda ngabhala amagama angu-2000 mayelana namatheminali ebhethri ngakho ngingubani mina ukuthi ngehlulele?
Amasosha anamabhethri angcono kunathi.Izimoto zamasosha zisebenzisa amabhethri avaliwe anemiklamo ehluke ngokuphelele yamatheminali ngoba adinga ukusebenza ngaphansi kwezimo ezimbi kakhulu. Ungathenga amabhethri ezempi anqwabelene ku-inthanethi kodwa ayabiza futhi cishe ayaqina nge-Honda Civic.
I-Tesla ayinazo ngempela amatheminali ebhethri endabuko.Iphakethe labo lebhethri livalwe ngokuphelele futhi awukwazi ukulisebenzisa ngokwakho. Ibhethri elisizayo le-12V (yebo, i-Teslas inebhethri elivamile le-12V lezinsiza) lifihliwe ngaphansi kwamaphaneli. Kubonakala kungcono futhi kukubi kakhulu kunalokho engibhekene nakho.
Imicabango yokugcina (ezinyangeni eziyisithupha kamuva)
Manje sekunguSepthemba 2023 futhi ngibhala lesi sibuyekezo. Amatheminali engiwafake ngoMashi asasebenza kahle. Kukhona ukugqwala okwandayo kodwa imoto iyaduma njalo. Ngathenga lawo mafutha e-dielectric ngoJulayi kodwa angikakawasebenzisi. Ishubhu lisegaraji lami ndawana thize.
Usuku lokuzalwa luka-Emma luyinyanga ezayo futhi ufuna imoto yeminyaka yakhe eyi-16. U-Sarah uphakamise ukuthi mhlawumbe simthengele into entsha nethembekile kune-Civic yami. Ngiphakamise ukuthi mhlawumbe ngifundise u-Emma indlela yokugcina amabhethri. USarah wanginika lokho kubukeka okusho ukuthi "akunjalo, uzoyishaya indodakazi yethu ngogesi."
Kuyazwakala.
Noma kunjalo, uma ufinyelele kude kangaka: amatheminali ebhethri yizinsimbi zensimbi ezixhuma ibhethri lakho emotweni yakho. Zigcine zihlanzekile, zigcine ziqinile, futhi cishe uzolunga. Uma zixega noma zigqwalile, imoto yakho ngeke iqale. Manje uyazi ukuthi bengifisa ukuthi ngabe ngiyazi ngoMashi odlule.
Ngisazokhohlwa ukuwahlola ezinyangeni eziyisi-6 noma kunjalo. Ezinye izinto azishintshi.
UDave ukhulume okuthile ngakhoamabhethri e-ionic lithiumngokuba yikusasa – ngokusobala awagqwali njengama-asidi omthofu{{0}. Uyibheke cishe imizuzu eyi-10 ngaphambi kokubona ithegi yentengo. Yebo, ngizonamathela kumatheminali ami aqinile okwamanje.
