Iyini i-Regenerative Braking System?

Isistimu yokubhuleka evuselelayo iguqula amandla e-kinetic emoto abe amandla kagesi phakathi nokuncipha kwejubane, iwagcine ebhethrini esikhundleni sokuwachitha njengokushisa. Lobu buchwepheshe, obutholakala ezimotweni zikagesi neziyingxubevange, busebenzisa injini kagesi njengejeneretha ukuze ibambe amandla abengalahleka ngokubhuleka.

Inqubo ye-braking yokuvuselela incike ekubuyiseleni emuva umsebenzi wamamotho kagesi. Ngesikhathi sokushayela okuvamile, injini idonsa amandla ku-ibhethri yemoto ye-lithiumukuzungeza amasondo futhi uqhubekisele imoto phambili. Uma kwenzeka i-braking, lobu budlelwano buphenduka{1}}amasondo ashayele injini, iyiguqule ibe ijeneretha ekhiqiza ugesi.

Lokhu kuguqulwa kwenzeka nge-electromagnetic induction. Njengoba imoto ihamba kancane, amandla kazibuthe enjini adala ukumelana okwenza womabili abambezele amasondo futhi akhiqize amandla kagesi. Iyunithi yokulawula ye-elekthronikhi yesistimu iphethe le nqubo, inquma ukuthi mangakanani amandla okuvuselela kabusha okufanele asetshenziswe ngokusekelwe ezicini ezifana nesivinini semoto, ileveli yokushajwa kwebhethri, nokucindezela kwebhuleki lokunyathela.

Ugesi okhiqiziwe ugeleza ubuyele ephaketheni lebhethri ukuze ulondolozwe. Izinhlelo zesimanje zingalulama phakathi kuka-60-70% wamandla asetshenziswa ngesikhathi sokubhuleka, kanti amanye asele angama-30-40% alahlekelwe ukushisa kanye nokungasebenzi kahle ohlelweni lokuguqula. Ucwaningo lwango-2024 lukhombisa ukuthi ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanele, ukubhuleka kabusha kungafinyelela amazinga okusebenza afika ku-85% uma wehla amagquma, nakuba ukushayela kwedolobha okujwayelekile kubona amanani acishe abe ngu-48% okuthola kabusha amandla e-kinetic.

Amabhuleki e-traditional friction brakes asebenza eduze kwesistimu yokuvuselela. Ngesivinini esiphezulu nangesikhathi sokubhuleka okusesilinganisweni, ukubhuleka okuvuselelayo kusingatha umsebenzi omningi. Uma udinga ukuma ngokushesha noma uhamba ngaphansi kuka-5-10 mph, amabhuleki ayimishini athatha indawo ngoba amamotho kagesi aphelelwa amandla ngesivinini esiphansi.

Izingxenye ezinhlanu eziyinhloko zisebenza ndawonye ukuze zithwebule futhi zigcine amandla okubhuleka. Injini kagesi isebenza ngezinhloso ezimbili{1}}ukuhambisa imoto nokusebenza njengejeneretha ngesikhathi sokubhuleka. Ama-EV amaningi asebenzisa izinjini ze-AC ezizibuthe ezihlala njalo ngoba anikeza izilinganiso zokusebenza kahle phakathi kuka-83-95% kuzo zonke izimo zokushayela ezihlukene, uma kuqhathaniswa no-65-94% wamamotho okungenisa.

Iphakethe lebhethri ligcina amandla atholiwe. Amabhethri e-Lithium-ion abusa lesi sikhala ngoba asingatha izidingo eziphakeme zamanje zokubhuleka okuvuselelayo kangcono kunamanye amakhemistri webhethri. Isistimu yokuphatha ibhethri iqapha amandla kagesi eseli ngalinye ukuze ivimbele ukushajwa ngokweqile{3}}uma ibhethri lifinyelela umthamo ogcwele, isistimu ishintshela kumabhuleki ashayisanayo esikhundleni salokho.

Iyunithi yokulawula ye-elekthronikhi isebenza njengobuchopho besistimu. Icubungula okokufaka okuvela kumasensa amaningi okuhlanganisa isivinini sesondo, ukuma kwebhuleki, ukushajwa kwebhethri, nesivinini semoto. Ngokusekelwe kule datha, ibala amandla alungile okuvuselela futhi ixhumanise ukuguqulwa phakathi kwe-regenerative kanye ne-friction braking.

I-inverter iguqula i-AC yamanje ekhiqizwe injini ibe yamanje ye-DC engagcinwa yibhethri. Lokhu kugeleza kwamandla okuqondiswa kabili kwehlukanisa ama-EV ezimotweni zendabuko-izingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha ezifanayo eziguqula ibhethri le-DC libe yimotor AC ngesikhathi sokuhlehla kwesivinini ngesikhathi sokubhuleka.

Isistimu ye-friction brake inikeza amandla okumisa ayisipele futhi isingatha izimo lapho ukubhuleka kabusha kukodwa kungenele. Lokhu kufaka phakathi izitobhi eziphuthumayo,{1}}ijubane eliphansi lokubhuleka, kanye nezimo lapho ibhethri selishajwe ngokugcwele.

Regenerative Braking System

Inani lamandla ongawathola lincike eziguquguqukayo eziningana. UMnyango Wezamandla wase-US ulinganisela ukuthi ukubhuleka okuvuselelayo kuthola kabusha u-5-9% wamandla engqikithi yama-hybrids kanye no-22% ezimotweni zikagesi ekushayeleni okuhlangene kwedolobha nothelawayeka. Lawa maphesenti ahumushela ezandisweni zebanga eziphusile-ezinye izilinganiso ziphakamisa ama-akhawunti amabhuleki acishe abe ngu-20% yenani lebanga lokushayela le-EV.

Yima-bese{1}}uhamba ithrafikhi inikeza amathuba angcono kakhulu okuthola kabusha. Ngaso sonke isikhathi uma wehla ukusuka ku-30 mph ekushayeleni kwedolobha, i-EV ejwayelekile ingathola amandla angaba ngu-0.061 kWh. Izitobhi ezingaphezu kuka-100 ngesikhathi sokushayela emadolobheni, lokho kwengeza kufikela ku-6.05 kWh ezilondoloziwe uma kuqhathaniswa namabhuleki{8}}emihuzuko kuphela. Ukushayela emgwaqeni omkhulu ubona inzuzo encane ngoba isivinini esiqinile sidinga imicimbi embalwa yokubhuleka.

Izinga lokushisa lithinta ukusebenza kahle kakhulu. Isimo sezulu esibandayo sehlisa umthamo wokushaja kwebhethri, okukhawulela ukuthi kungakanani ukusebenza kwamabhuleki okuvuselelayo isistimu. Abanye abakhiqizi benze amasu okulawula ukushisa kwebhethri{2}}okushisisa ibhethri ezimeni ezibandayo ukuze kwandiswe amandla okubhuleka okuvuselelayo.

Isimo sokushajwa kwebhethri naso sibalulekile. Uma ibhethri lakho selicishe ligcwele, isistimu inamandla alinganiselwe okwamukela amandla engeziwe. Ama-EV amaningi atusa ukushaja kufikela ku-80% kuphela ukuze asetshenziswe nsuku zonke ukuze kugcinwe amandla okubhuleka okuvuselelayo. Le headroom ivumela ibhethri ukuthi yamukele amandla ngesikhathi sokuncipha ngaphandle kokufaka ingozi yokushajwa ngokweqile.

Isivinini semoto sinomthelela ekululameni nakho. Isivinini esiphezulu sikhiqiza amandla e-kinetic engeziwe, okusho ukuthi kukhona amandla engeziwe atholakalayo wokuthwebula. Imoto ebhuleka isuka ku-75 mph ingathola cishe u-0.38 kWh, uma kuqhathaniswa no-0.061 kWh uma ima isuka ku-30 mph. I-Hills ikhulisa lo mphumela-ukwehla usuka kumamitha angu-650 ukuya kumamitha angu-125 ngaphezu kuka-16.4 km kungakhiqiza kabusha u-1.3 kWh wamandla ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanele.

Ama-EV amaningi esimanje anikeza-imodi yokushayela eyodwa ekhulisa ukubhuleka okuvuselelayo. Uma icushiwe, ukuphakamisa unyawo lwakho kusisheshisi kuqalisa ukubhuleka okuqinile kokuvuselela amandla{2}}okunamandla ngokwanele ukuthi ungakwazi ukumisa imoto ngaphandle kokuthinta ibhuleki ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile.

Abakhiqizi abahlukene bathatha izindlela ezihlukene zokusebenzisa lesi sici. Ukushayela nge-pedal eyodwa ka-Tesla{1}}kusebenza ngokuzenzakalelayo, ngamaleveli okulungisa amabili kuphela. KwaKia noHyundai banikeza amandla ama-braking ahlukene amahlanu ahlukene, alawulwa ngama-steering wheel paddles. I-Porsche ithatha ifilosofi ehlukile, inciphisa ukubhuleka okuvuselelayo ukuze ivumele ugu olwengeziwe, abathi lusebenza kahle kakhulu ezindleleni ezithile zokushayela.

Inzwa idinga ukulungiswa. Uma uqala ukuzwa ukubhuleka okuqinile okuvuselelayo, kuba sengathi imoto ishaya ngamandla uma uphakamisa i-accelerator. Abanye abashayeli bathola lokhu kudidizela noma okungezona ezemvelo ekuqaleni. Ukunyathela kwebhuleki nakho kuyashintsha ngoba isistimu ihlanganisa ukuvuselela kanye ne-friction braking{3}}lokhu kungadala umuzwa "wokhuni" njengoba ikhompuyutha ishintsha kalula phakathi kwamasistimu.

Ukushayela{{0}i-pedal eyodwa kusebenza kahle kakhulu ezindaweni zasemadolobheni ezinezitobhi ezivamile. Amarobhothi, izimpawu zokuma, kanye{2}}nethrafikhi ehamba kancane kunikeza amathuba aqhubekayo okuthola amandla. Ukushayela emgwaqeni omkhulu ubona inzuzo encane ngoba uchitha isikhathi esiningi ngesivinini esingaguquki. Olunye ucwaningo luphakamisa ukuthi ukusebenzisa kanzima-ukushayela nge-pedal eyodwa, okunejubane eliqhubekayo kanye nomjikelezo wokubhuleka ovuselelayo, empeleni kunganciphisa ukusebenza kahle uma kuqhathaniswa nokushayela okushelelayo, okubikezelayo okunokuvuselelwa okumaphakathi.

Ukucatshangelwa kokuphepha kukhona mayelana nokushayela-i-pedal eyodwa. Ucwaningo lwango-2024 lwathola ukuthi nakuba kuphephile-ezimeni eziphuthumayo, abashayeli babonise ukubambezeleka kokufakwa kwamabhuleki ezimweni eziphuthumayo{4}eziphakeme noma ezingaqinisekile. Isikhathi esandisiwe abashayeli abasichitha bekhulula i-accelerator ukuthi ibambe iqhaza ekubhulekini kabusha, kuhlanganiswe nokungaqiniseki ngokuthi kufanele ulicindezele nini ibhuleki, kwadala izikhala zokuphepha ezingaba khona ezimeni eziphuthumayo.

I-Regenerative braking inweba kakhulu impilo yezingxenye zamabhuleki ashayisanayo. Ngenxa yokuthi injini kagesi ibamba imisebenzi eminingi yokubhuleka ngesikhathi sokushayela okujwayelekile, amabhuleki nama-rotor agqoka kancane kakhulu. Abanye abanikazi be-EV babika amabhuleki ama-brake pad athatha amamayela angu-100,000 noma ngaphezulu{4}}aphindwe kabili ukuya kathathu ubude kunezimoto zendabuko.

Le mpilo eyandisiwe idala ukucatshangelwa kwesondlo okungalindelekile. Izingxenye zamabhuleki zingaba nokugqwala noma ukugqwala ngenxa yokungasebenzi, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinomswakama. Abakhiqizi abaningi batusa ukuhlolwa kwesistimu yamabhuleki ngezikhathi ezithile kanye nokugcoba ngisho noma ukugqokwa kungabalulekile. Amanye amasistimu asebenzisa ngokuzenzakalelayo amabhuleki okushayisana ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze avimbele ukubanjwa noma ukugqwala kwendawo.

Uthuli lwamabhuleki oluncishisiwe lubuye lube nezinzuzo zemvelo. Amabhuleki avamile e-friction brake akhulula izinhlayiya ezincane emoyeni{1}}eziyizinhlayiyana ezibangela ukungcoliswa komoya. Ngokuphathwa kwamabhuleki okuvuselelayo okungu-50-80% wemicimbi yokubhuleka, ama-EV akhiqiza uthuli lwamabhuleki oluncane kakhulu kunezimoto ezijwayelekile.

Ukonga izindleko kusukela ekulungisweni okuncishisiwe kwamabhuleki kunciphisa kancane izindleko zokuqala zama-EVs. Nakuba ukonga okuqondile kuhluka ngemikhuba yokushayela kanye nemodeli yemoto, ukuncishiswa kwesevisi yamabhuleki ngokuvamile konga amakhulu ambalwa amadola phakathi nesikhathi sokuphila kwemoto.

Ubudlelwano phakathi kwe-regenerative braking nempilo ende yebhethri yinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kunalokho obekuqondwa ekuqaleni. Ukukhathazeka kwasekuqaleni kwaphakamisa ukuthi imijikelezo yokushaja kaningi kusukela ekubhulekini okuvuselelayo kuzosheshisa ukuwohloka kwebhethri. Ucwaningo lwango-2015-2023 luveza amaleveli aphezulu aphambene we-regenerative braking ngokuvamile anciphisa ukuguga kwebhethri.

Isici esibalulekile akusona-isikhathi esifushane,{1}}ukushaja okuphezulu kwamanje phakathi nemicimbi yokubhuleka. Esikhundleni salokho, izikhathi{3}}ezinde zokushaja ezinamanani amanje amancane afaka ubungozi obukhulu be-lithium plating, indlela yokuwohloka eyehlisa umthamo webhethri nokusebenza. Ukubhuleka okuvuselelayo empeleni kusiza ngokunciphisa ukujula kokukhipha ngesikhathi sokushayela, okunweba impilo yebhethri iyonke.

Ucwaningo lokulandelela izimoto ngaphezu kuka-50,000-100,000 km luthole ukuthi amazinga aphezulu okubhuleka okuvuselelayo anciphisa ukufiphala kwamandla, ikakhulukazi esimweni sokushaja okuphezulu kanye nezimo eziphansi zokushisa ezivame ukusheshisa i-lithium plating. Amasu athuthukisiwe okubhuleka angakwazi ukugcina umthamo ufiphala cishe ku-10% ngisho nangemva kuka-100,000 km wokushayela.

Izinga lokushisa nesimo senkokhelo kuhlala kuyizici ezibalulekile. Amasistimu ebhethri lemoto ye-lithium anokulawula okushisayo okuthuthukisiwe angakwazi ukuphatha kangcono ukubhuleka okuvuselelayo kuzo zonke izimo. Isistimu yokuphatha ibhethri kufanele ilinganise ukwamukela amandla okuvuselela ngokumelene nokuvikela impilo yebhethri, ngezinye izikhathi ikhawulela ukukhiqizwa kabusha lapho izimo zingalungile.

I-Series regenerative braking ikhulisa ukutholwa kwamandla ngokubeka phambili ukubhuleka kwemoto kagesi phezu kwamabhuleki ashayisanayo. Isistimu isebenzisa i-regenerative braking ukuze igcwale umthamo wayo ogcwele kuqala, amabhuleki abambayo kuphela lapho udinga amandla okuma amaningi kunalawo anganikezwa yinjini. Lesi sakhiwo sisebenza kahle ezimotweni ezinamamotho anamandla nezinhlelo zokulawula eziyinkimbinkimbi.

I-Parallel regenerative braking isakaza amandla okubhuleka phakathi kwemoto kagesi namabhuleki okushayisana kuyo yonke inqubo yokunciphisa izinga. Isistimu yokulawula iqhubeka ibhalansisa zombili izinhlobo zokubhuleka ngokusekelwe ezicini ezifana nesilinganiso sokusheshisa, isivinini semoto, nesimo sokushajwa kwebhethri. Le ndlela ihlinzeka ngokuzwakala kwebhuleki evamile kodwa ngokuvamile ithola amandla amancane kunamasistimu ochungechunge.

Abanye abakhiqizi basebenzisa amasu okubhuleka aguquliwe ahlanganisa izinzuzo zazo zombili izindlela. Lawa masistimu asebenzisa ibhuleki enkulu yokuvuselela kabusha njengokumisiwe kodwa ahlanganisa ukubhuleka ukushayisana ngaphambi kwesikhathi lapho kudingeka ukuze kuphephe noma lapho amandla okuvuselela elinganiselwe.

Amasistimu okugcina amandla ayingxube amelela indlela ethuthukisiwe. Lokhu kuhlanganisa amabhethri e-lithium{1}}ion anama-supercapacitor noma ama-kinetic accumulators. Ama-Supercapacitor ahamba phambili ekuphatheni{3}izidingo zokuphakama kwamandla aphezulu phakathi ne-hard braking, kuyilapho amabhethri enikeza isitoreji samandla esizinzile,{4}sesikhathi eside. Lokhu kuhlukaniswa kwezabasebenzi kungathuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kohlelo lonke futhi kunwebe ukuphila kwebhethri, nakuba izindleko nobunzima okwamanje bukhawulela ukutholwa okusabalele.

Amasistimu okubhuleka okuvuselelayo esimanje aya ngokuya ehlanganisa ubuhlakani bokwenziwa nokufunda komshini. Izilawuli ezinengqondo ezingaqondakali zilungisa ukusabalalisa kwamandla ebhuleki ngokusekelwe kumapharamitha amaningi afaka isivinini semoto, ukuqina kwamabhuleki, isimo sokushajwa kwebhethri, namaphethini okuziphatha komshayeli. Ucwaningo olusuka ku-2024 lubonisa lezi zinhlelo eziguquguqukayo zingathuthukisa amazinga okubuyisela amandla ngo-13-30% uma kuqhathaniswa namasu okusabalalisa angaguquki.

Ama-algorithms wokubikezela aqhubekisela phambili lokhu. Ngokuhlaziya isimo semizila, amaphethini wethrafikhi, nedatha yomlando yokushayela, lawa masistimu angathuthukisa isu lokubhuleka elizikhiqizayo kusenesikhathi. Uma isistimu yazi ukuthi ingxenye eyehlayo iyasondela, ingase ilungise imikhawulo yokushajwa kwebhethri ukuze iqinisekise ukuthi umthamo omkhulu wokuvuselela uyatholakala uma kudingeka.

I-Model Predictive Control (MPC) imele unqenqema lokusika. Lawa mamodeli e-algorithms e-algorithms yemoto ngesikhathi sangempela{1}}aphinde abale amandla okubhuleka aphelele izikhathi eziningi ngomzuzwana. Ukuqaliswa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi kubonisa isithembiso sokuthuthukisa kokubili ukutholwa kwamandla nokuzinza kwemoto, ikakhulukazi ezimeni eziyinselele ezifana{3}nezindawo zokudonsa eziphansi.

Ukuhlanganiswa nezinhlelo zokushayela ezizimele kuvula amathuba amasha. Izimoto ezizishayelayo-zingakwazi ukubhuleka ngendlela ebikezelwe futhi ngempumelelo kunabashayeli abangabantu, zibeke isikhathi semicimbi yamabhuleki okuvuselela amandla ukuze kutholakale amandla amaningi kuyilapho kugcinwa ukuphepha. Lokhu kungase kuphushe ukusebenza kahle kwamabhuleki okuvuselelayo nakakhulu kuma-EV azayo azimele.

Ukushayela kwedolobha kunikeza izimo ezifanele zokubhuleka okuvuselelayo. Ukuma njalo emarobhothini, izimpawu zokuma, kanye nabahamba ngezinyawo kudala amathuba amaningi okuthola amandla. Abashayeli babika ukuthuthuka okuphawulekayo kwebanga ezindaweni zasemadolobheni{2}}ezinye izimoto zibonisa isandiso sebanga elingu-10-15% uma kuqhathaniswa nokushayela kothelawayeka.

Ukushayela emgwaqeni omkhulu kubona inzuzo encane yokuvuselela amabhuleki. Izivinini eziqinile zokuhamba ngomkhumbi zisho izehlakalo ezimbalwa zokuncipha. Uma udinga ukwehlisa ijubane emigwaqweni enguthelawayeka, ngokuvamile okokushintsha kwesivinini kancane kunezitobhi ezigcwele. Kodwa-ke, ukuminyana kwethrafikhi kuthelawayeka empeleni kungathuthukisa amathuba okubhuleka kabusha ngokudala isitobhi-kanye{4}}namaphethini wokuhamba.

Indawo enezintaba ithinta kakhulu ukusebenza kwamabhuleki okuvuselelayo. Ukwehla kwamabanga aphakeme kudala amandla amakhulu uhlelo olungawathwebula. Amanye amabhasi kagesi asebenzisa imizila enamagquma athola amandla anele ngesikhathi sokwehla asebenzise amandla amancane kunamabhasi asebenza endaweni eyisicaba. Ngokuphambene, amagquma akhuphukayo aqeda ibhethri ngokushesha, futhi amandla atholiwe ngesikhathi sokwehla awavamile ukulingana namandla asetshenziswe ukugibela.

Isimo sezulu esibandayo sinciphisa ukusebenza kahle kwamabhuleki okuvuselelayo. Umthamo wokushaja ibhethri wehla ngezinga lokushisa eliphansi, okukhawulela ukuthi angakanani amandla isistimu engawathola. Amanye ama-EV abonisa igeji ye-braking evuselelayo eshintshayo ukusuka kokuluhlaza kuya kokumpunga lapho amazinga okushisa abandayo ekhawulela umthamo wesistimu, axwayisa abashayeli ukuthi bathembele kakhulu kumabhuleki okushayisana.

Regenerative Braking System

Imakethe yomhlaba wonke yokuvuselela amabhuleki ifinyelele ku-$7.83 billion ngo-2024 futhi amaphrojekthi azokhula ku-12.1-13.5% minyaka yonke ngo-2030. Lokhu kukhula kulandelana ngqo nokutholwa kwezimoto zikagesi-njengoba ama-EV amaningi eqala ukukhuphuka, isidingo sezingxenye zamabhuleki okuvuselela sikhuphuka ngokulingana.

I-Asia Pacific iphethe imakethe ngezabelo ezingama-53%, iqhutshwa ukukhiqizwa kwe-EV okukhulu kwaseChina kanye nobuchule bezimoto ezixubile zaseJapan. I-Europe ilandela eduze, iqhutshwa yizimpokophelo ezikhipha umoya onamandla kanye nesidingo esinamandla sabathengi sezinto zokuhamba ezisimeme. Imakethe yaseNyakatho Melika ikhula ngokumaphakathi kodwa kancane kancane njengoba ukutholwa kwe-EV kushesha.

Izimoto zikagesi zebhethri zishayela iningi lesidingo, ezibalwa ngesabelo semakethe esikhulu kunazo zonke ngohlobo lwe-propulsion. Izimoto ezithwala abagibeli zimelela ingxenye yezimoto ezihamba phambili, nakuba izicelo zezimoto zentengiso zikhula ngokushesha. Amabhasi kagesi namaloli athwala impahla azuza ikakhulukazi ekuzihlanganiseni kwamabhuleki uma kubhekwa-amaphethini awo okusebenza avamile.

Ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe kugxile emikhakheni eminingi. Amasistimu e-Brake-nge{2}}ngezintambo asusa ukuxhumana kwemishini phakathi kwe-brake pedal ne-braking components, okuvumela ukuhlanganisa okuyinkimbinkimbi kokuvuselela kanye ne-friction braking. {{4}Kumasondo amamotho beka amamotho kagesi ngqo emasondweni, athuthukisa ukuphendula kwamabhuleki avuselelekayo futhi anike amandla ukulawula okuzimele kwesondo ngalinye.

Ama-semiconductors{{0}abanzi e-bandgap afana ne-silicon carbide ne-gallium nitride athuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokuguqulwa kwamandla kuziguquli. Lezi zinto zibamba ama-voltage aphezulu namazinga okushisa kune-silicon evamile, ehlisa ukulahleka kwamandla ngesikhathi sokuguqulwa kwe-AC-kuya-ku-DC okwenzeka phakathi nokuvuselela amabhuleki.

Ukusebenza kwamabhuleki okuvuselelayo kuyehluka ngokuya ngesivinini. Isebenza kahle kakhulu ngesivinini esimaphakathi ukuya phezulu lapho injini kagesi ingakhiqiza amandla abalulekile. Ngaphansi kuka-5-10 mph, ukusebenza kahle kwehla kakhulu ngoba ithoshi yemoto iyancipha ngesivinini esiphansi. Amasistimu amaningi ahlangana ngokuzenzakalelayo kumabhuleki okushayisana ngesivinini esiphansi futhi ashintshele kumabhuleki ashayisanayo ukuze ame okokugcina.

Cha. I-Regenerative braking igcwalisa ukushajwa kwebhethri kodwa ayikwazi ukushajwa ngokugcwele ibhethri eliphelile. Ibuyisa ingxenye yamandla asetshenziswa ngesikhathi sokushayela-ngokuvamile u-15-25% wawo wonke amandla asetshenziswa ezimotweni zikagesi. Usadinga ukuxhuma ukuze ushaje ngokugcwele. Cabanga nge-regenerative braking njengokwelula ububanzi bakho kunokuqeda izidingo zokushaja.

Isistimu yokubhuleka ehlanganisiwe ihlanganisa i-regenerative kanye ne-friction braking, idale umuzwa ohlukile we-pedal kunezimoto zendabuko. Njengoba ucindezela i-pedal yamabhuleki, isistimu iqala ngokubhuleka kabusha futhi kancane kancane ihlangane ne-friction braking. Lolu shintsho lungazwakala "lungokhuni" noma luqonde kancane kunamabhuleki ahlanzekile we-hydraulic. Ama-EV amasha athuthuke kakhulu umuzwa we-pedal ngokusebenzisa ukulinganisa okungcono.

Uma ibhethri ifinyelela umthamo ogcwele, ukusebenza kahle kwamabhuleki okuvuselelayo kuncipha noma kuma ngokuphelele. Uhlelo lokuphatha ibhethri luvimbela ukushajwa ngokweqile ngokukhawulela noma ukuvimba ukugeleza kwamanje okuvuselelayo. Isistimu ishintshela ngokuzenzakalelayo kumabhuleki ashayisanayo esikhundleni salokho. Yingakho abakhiqizi betusa ukushaja kuphela u-80% wokushayela nsuku zonke{4}}okugcina amandla okubhuleka avuselelekayo.

Regenerative Braking System

Ukuqonda amandla okubhuleka emoto yakho kusiza ukukhulisa izinzuzo zayo. Hlola imanuwali yomnikazi wakho ukuze uthole izincomo ezithile mayelana namaleveli eshaji, izindlela zokushayela, nezimo ezithinta ukusebenza kwamabhuleki okuvuselelayo.

Ama-EV amaningi akuvumela ukuthi ulungise amandla okubhuleka avuselelekayo. Linga ngezilungiselelo ezihlukene ukuze uthole ukuthi yini esebenzela isitayela sakho sokushayela nemizila evamile. Izilungiselelo eziphakeme zikhulisa ukutholwa kwamandla kodwa zidinga ukulungiswa okwengeziwe endleleni yakho yokushayela. Izilungiselelo eziphansi zinikeza umuzwa wokushayela ongokwesiko kodwa zidela ukusebenza kahle okuthile.

Gada igeji ye-braking evuselelayo yemoto yakho ngesikhathi sezulu esibandayo. Uma umthamo ulinganiselwe, lungisa ukushayela kwakho ngokufanele{1}vumela ibanga lokuma futhi usebenzise i-pedal yebhuleki ngokuqhubekayo. Ezinye izimoto zihlinzeka nge-preconditioning yebhethri efudumeza ibhethri ngaphambi kokushayela ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kwamabhuleki okuvuselelayo esimweni sezulu esibandayo.

Naka ukugcinwa kwesistimu yamabhuleki ngisho noma ungasebenzisi amabhuleki ashayisanayo njalo. Vumela isistimu yamabhuleki ihlolwe ngokweshejuli yokulungisa imoto yakho ukuze ibambe noma yikuphi ukugqwala noma ukuwohloka ngaphambi kokuba kube yinkinga yezokuphepha.

I-Regenerative braking imelela enye yentuthuko ebaluleke kakhulu esebenza kahle ezimotweni zikagesi. Nakuba ingakwazi ukuqeda isidingo sokushaja noma ukufaka esikhundleni ngokuphelele amabhuleki ashayisanayo, iyanweba ngendlela enengqondo ibanga, yehlisa ukugcinwa kwamabhuleki, futhi ithuthukise umuzwa wokushayela usuwonke uma usujwayele izici zayo ezihlukile.