Inkinga yokusebenza kahle akekho okhuluma ngayo

Nakhu lapho kuba nentshisekelo khona. I-Motor-njengoba{2}}ukusebenza kahle kwejeneretha isebenza ngo-85-92%, kuncike esivinini nomthwalo wakho. I-Inverter ithatha okunye ukusika, cishe u-95% uma iklanywe kahle. Ibhethri liyazishaja ngokwalo? 90-95% ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle. Yihlanganise ndawonye futhi uku-60-70% ukusebenza kahle kokwenza kabusha konke.

Kuzwakala kabi uze ukhumbule ukuthi okunye ama-friction pads aphendula yonke into ibe ukushisa okulahlwayo. 60% kokuthile kudlula u-0% wento engekho.

Okubeka umkhawulo kulo lonke uhlelo ukwamukelwa kwenkokhiso. Ama-ion e-lithium kufanele asuke e-cathode ngokusebenzisa i-electrolyte, ahlangane abe yi-graphite anode. Lokho inqubo yokusabalalisa{2}}enomkhawulo. Phoqa okwamanje ukuthi ungene ngokushesha kunokuba ama-ion angahlangana futhi uthola i-lithium plating{4}}idiphozithi yensimbi ku-anode esikhundleni sokuhlanganisa kahle. Ibulala umthamo, impilo yomjikelezo kadoti, isimo esibi kakhulu sidala izikhindi zangaphakathi.

C-isilinganiso sikutshela ukuthi iseli lingashaja ngokushesha kangakanani. 1U-C usho ukushajwa okugcwele ngehora elilodwa. I-LFP chemistry ibamba i-1C eqhubekayo ngaphandle kwezinkinga. I-NMC efanayo, iyahlukahluka ngokuqukethwe kwe-nickel. I-LTO's the outlier-10C iqinile ngoba ikhemistri ye-anode iyibekela eceleni indaba yokucwenga. Kungakho ubona i-LTO ezinhlelweni zokusebenza ezinezidingo ezinonya ze-regen, noma ukuminyana kwamandla kuthatha ukushaya.

Ukuphathwa kwebhethri yilapho imali ihlala khona

I-BMS ayigcini nje ngokugada-ithatha izinqumo ezihlukanisayo{1}}zesibili mayelana nokwamukelwa kwamanje nokusabalalisa kuwo wonke amaqembu amaseli. Iphakethe liyasondela ligcwele? I-Headroom ye-regen current iyanyamalala. Amasistimu amaningi aqala ukukhawulela cishe u-90-95% wesimo sokushaja, avale ngokuphelele eduze kwe-voltage ephezulu. Uma ushayela i-EV, uyakwazi lokhu: shiya indlela yakho yokungena ngebhethri egcwele futhi i-regen izizwa ibuthaka kumamayela ambalwa okuqala.

Lapho amanani okuthola kabusha abalulekile

Ama-EV abagibeli basemadolobheni? 15-25% ukululama. Okuhloniphekile. Amabhasi kagesi asebenzisa imizila engashintshi? Kulapho iba ngokoqobo. Amabhasi e-BYD e-Antelope Valley Transit Authority-37.3% alulame kumamodeli ajwayelekile angama-40-foot, 40.2% kuma-60-foot acacisiwe. Lowo mjikelezo womsebenzi ulungele i-regen: ukwehliswa njalo kusukela kuzivinini ezingaguquki.

Izicelo zezimboni zisebenzisa izibalo ezahlukene. Ama-Forklift enza imijikelezo yokuphakamisa{1}}ephansi eqhubekayo, amaloli ezimayini ehla esuka kumgodi womgodi eya endaweni yokucubungula enemithwalo egcwele. Ukuguqulwa kwamandla okungaba khona kulezo zimo kungaba kukhulu.

U-Robin Zeng kwa-CATL uzimele kangcono lokhu kunokuningi: izindleko ngomjikelezo ngamunye, hhayi intengo yangaphambili (rolandberger.com). Ibhethri lithwala amandla angakanani, lihamba ibanga elingakanani, lisebenza kanjani phakathi nomjikelezo wempilo. Yilokho okubalulekile ezinhlelweni zokusebenza ze-regen{3}ukuthi amaseli angakwazi yini ukusingatha ukushaja okuvamisile ngaphandle kokwehlisa izinga.

Ijika lokwehliswa kwesithunzi liyabamangaza abantu

Ungacabanga ukuthi{0}umfutho wegazi ophezulu wamanje ungasheshisa ukuguga. Idatha isho okuhlukile. Amandla amabhuleki aphezulu avuselelayo empeleni ahambisana nokuwohloka okuncishisiwe. Indlela yokusebenza iwukujula kokukhipha{4}}uma i-regen ithwebula amandla edeceleration engeziwe, ibhethri isebenza imijikelezo engashoni, ukugibela ibhayisikili okungajulile. Njengoba umthamo wokukhipha okujulile uphela kumaseli e-lithium-e-ion, i-regen enolaka inganweba ukuphila.

Izinga lokushisa ngesikhathi se-regen lisabalulekile. Ibhethri elibandayo lilingana nokuhlangana okuvilaphayo, amathuba aphezulu wokucwenga. Ibhethri elishisayo lisheshisa ukusabela okuseceleni kusixhumi esibonakalayo se-electrode{2}}electrolyte. Amamodeli ashisayo e-BMS alungisa i-regen current evumelekile ngokusekelwe emazingeni okushisa eseli aqageliwe, kodwa ukunemba kwemodeli kuncike kakhulu ekubekweni kwezinzwa nobunkimbinkimbi be-algorithm. Yilapho obona khona umehluko phakathi kokusebenza okushibhile nokuhle.

Ukukhetha i-Chemistry akuwona-usayizi-ulingana{2}}wonke. I-LFP ikunikeza impilo yomjikelezo omuhle kakhulu nokuzinza kwe-thermal ngamanani okushaja amaphakathi-izinhlelo zokusebenza zemikhumbi ziyayithanda. I-NMC ihweba okunye kwalokho ukuze ithole ukuminyana kwamandla okuphezulu lapho isisindo nomthamo kuncishisiwe. I-LTO idela ukuminyana kwamandla ngokuphelele kodwa ikunikeza ukwamukela ukushaja akukho okunye okungakufanisa. Amabhasi ahamba emadolobheni anezitobhi ezincipha kakhulu{{8}ezivamile, izimoto ezisebenza kahle ezinethrekhi-zokubhuleka ngosuku{10}}leyo indawo ye-LTO.

Ukuhlanganiswa kwesistimu kunzima kunalokho okubukeka

Isilawuli sezimoto, i-inverter, i-BMS, iyunithi yokulawula imoto-konke kufanele kuhlanganiswe. Umshayeli uphakamisa i-accelerator, edala isicelo setorque. Ihunyushelwa kumyalo wamanje we-motor. I-Inverter ilawula ukugeleza kwamandla ukusuka kumotho kuya kubhethri. I-BMS iqinisekisa ukuthi ibhethri lingakwamukela lokho okwamanje ngaphandle kokwephula imikhawulo yokuvikela. Noma iyiphi ingxenye ifinyelela umkhawulo futhi uhlanganisa i-friction braking ukuze ulondoloze izinga lokwehla.

Inguquko phakathi kwe-regen kanye nokushwibeka ayinamthungo ukusuka esihlalweni somshayeli, kodwa ama-algorithms okulawula ngemuva kwalokho ayinkimbinkimbi. Kufanele futhi ubuke ukufaniswa kwe-voltage-ubukhulu be-regen bamanje buncike emehlukweni phakathi kwe-motor back{2}}EMF ne-battery pack voltage. Isivinini semoto esiphezulu sisho ukubuya okuphezulu-i-EMF, okungenzeka ukuthi yeqe umthamo omkhulu webhethri wokushaja. Isigaba sokuklama kufanele sibhekane nalawo maphuzu okusebenza.

Amasistimu amabhuleki ahlanganisiwe asejwayelekile manje ezimotweni ezikhiqizayo. Isilinganiso ngokuzenzakalela phakathi kwe-regen nokungqubuzana, khulisa ukutakula kuyilapho ugcina ukuziphatha kwemoto kubikezelwa. Ukuba yinkimbinkimbi lapho kuye kwaba ngcono kakhulu kule minyaka eyishumi edlule.