Kuyini Ukuvikela Okushisayo?

Isivikelo esishisayo yindlela iseli ye-lithium-ezigcina ngayo ekubambeni umlilo. Njalo ngo-18650 owake wawasebenzisa anamadivayisi amaningi okuphepha aminyene kuleyo cap encane{3}}i-PTC, i-CID, i-vent disc, imisebenzi. Balapho ngoba i-lithium-ikhemikhali ye-ion igcina ithani lamandla endaweni encane, futhi lawo mandla azothola indlela yokuphuma uma kukhona okungahambi kahle ngaphakathi.

Ngibe kulo mkhakha isikhathi eside ngokwanele ukukhumbula lapho "i-thermal runaway" kwakungelona igama lasekhaya. Kwabe sekufika i-laptop ye-Dell ekhumbulayo ngo-2006. U-Sony wadonsa izigidi zamaseli. Ngokushesha wonke umuntu wayefuna ukwazi ukuthi kwenzekani uma iseli ye-lithium{3}}ihluleka, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, ukuthi imiswa kanjani.

Abantu baxuba lezi zikhathi zonke. Ukushisa ngokweqile kulapho iseli lishisa khona ngenxa yezizathu zangaphandle{1}}ukushiye emotweni eshisayo, ishaja ingasebenzi kahle, noma yini. Susa umthombo wokushisa bese iseli liphola phansi. Inkinga ixazululiwe.

I-Thermal Runaway iyisilwane esihluke ngokuphelele. Okuthile kuyahluleka ngaphakathi kweseli-mhlawumbe isihlukanisi sibhobozwa, mhlawumbe iphutha lokukhiqiza lidala okufushane okuthambile{2}}bese iseli liqala ukukhiqiza ukushisa kwalo. Lokho kushisa kusheshisa ukuwohloka kwamakhemikhali, okukhiqiza ukushisa okwengeziwe, okusheshisa ukuwohloka. I-loop yempendulo. Ngesikhathi uqaphela, sekudlule isikhathi ukuthi ume.

Iseli ligcina likhipha igesi eshisayo namalangabi, ngezinye izikhathi ngobudlova. Ephaketheni lebhethri, iseli elilodwa elibaleka lingapheka omakhelwane balo futhi liqalise ukusabela kweketango. Yingakho ukuvikeleka okushisayo kukhona.

Thermal Protection

Vula i-cylindrical cell bese ubheka ikepisi ephezulu. Uzothola amadivayisi amaningana astakiwe lapho, ngalinye lidizayinelwe ukubamba izinkinga ngezigaba ezihlukene.

I-PTC

Idivayisi ye-PTC (i-coefficient yezinga lokushisa elilungile) iwumugqa wakho wokuqala. Ngokuyisisekelo i-wafer ye-polymer elayishwe izinhlayiya ze-conductive. Izinga lokushisa elivamile, ukumelana okuphansi, ukugeleza kwamanje kahle. Yithole ngaphezu kwe-80℃noma ngaphezulu futhi i-polymer ivuvukala, izinhlayiya zihlukana, ukumelana kudlula ophahleni. Ukwehla kwamanje cishe akukho lutho.

Engikuthandayo ngama-PTC ukuthi asethwa kabusha. Pholisa iseli, liphinde lisebenze. Kuhle ukubamba izikhindi zangaphandle ezisula ngokushesha.

Engingakuthandi yindlela abaziphatha ngayo echungechungeni lwezintambo. Lokhu sikufunde kanzima ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwephakethe eminyakeni embalwa edlule. I-PTC yeseli eyodwa yakhubeka, kodwa ngentambo engu-48V ngemuva kwayo, i-voltage ivele yawela. Ukuvikela okusebenza kahle kuleveli yeseli akufiki ezingeni lephekhi njalo.

Ukuvala isihlukanisi

Isihlukanisi yileso ulwelwesi oluncane olugcina ama-electrode akho ehlukene ngenkathi uvumela i-lithium ion ukuthi idlule. Kusihlukanisi sokuvala shaqa, i-material ithambisa cishe ngama-degree angama-130 futhi izimbobo ziyavaleka. Akukho ukuthutha kwe-ion, akukho ukusabela kwe-electrochemical, akukho okwamanje.

Imiklamo yezendlalelo eziningi-Isendlalelo sangaphakathi se-PE, isendlalelo sangaphandle se-PP{1}}ikunikeza imajini eyengeziwe. I-PE ivala ukugeleza kwe-ion kuyilapho i-PP igcina yonke into ihlukaniswe ngomshini isikhathi eside. Usithenge mhlawumbe imizuzwana engu-10-15 eyengeziwe ekuhloleni ukuhlukumeza ngaphambi kokuthi kuthuthukiswe izikhindi zangaphakathi.

Into eyodwa okufanele uyikhumbule: abahlukanisi ababuyi. Uma iseli lishisa ngokwanele ukuze liqalise ukuvala shaqa, lelo seli liyenziwa. Imisele esikhundleni.

I-CID

Idivayisi yamanje ephazamisayo isabela kungcindezi, hhayi izinga lokushisa. Lapho izinto ziqala ukubola ngaphakathi, zikhiqiza igesi. I-CID iyindawo yamadiski amabili amancanyana-ashiswe ndawonye agqagqana lapho ukucindezela kwangaphakathi kuba phezulu ngokwanele{3}}ndawana thize cishe ngo-1 MPa kuye ngedizayini.

Lokhu ukunqanyulwa unomphela. Ngesikhathi iseli likhiqiza igesi engaka, lisuke selilimale ngendlela engeke lisetshenziswe. Ufuna iphume kusekethe.

Isikhala

Ithemba lokugcina. Uma ingcindezi iqhubeka nokwakha kudlule ukusebenza kwe-CID, i-vent disc iyaphuka futhi idedele amagesi. Izinto eziphumayo ziyavutha futhi zinobuthi, kodwa ukuphuma ngaphandle okulawulwayo kushaya ukugqashuka okungalawuleki. Sonke siwabonile amavidiyo wamaseli eqhuma njengeziqhumane{3}yilokho okwenzekayo ngaphandle kokukhipha umoya ngendlela efanele.

Thermal Protection

Iseli{0}}lokuvikela ileveli liphatha ukwehluleka okusheshayo. Isistimu yokuphatha ibhethri iphatha yonke enye into-yokuqapha amazinga okushisa ephekhi, amanani wokushaja anyakazayo lapho izinto zifudumala, inqamula izixhumi zokuthinta uma ukufundwa kwezinzwa kungabikho ebangeni.

Lezi zinhlelo ezimbili ziyaphelelisana. I-BMS ibamba{1}}izinkinga ezikhula kancane ezinganqandwa ukuphathwa kahle kwe-thermal. Amadivayisi-eleveli yeseli abamba ukwehluleka kwangaphakathi okusheshayo izinzwa zangaphandle ezingakwazi ukukubona ngesikhathi.

Akuwona wonke ama-lithium-i-ion adalwe alingana uma kuziwa ekuzinzeni kwe-thermal. Amakhemikhali akho asekelwe ku-cobalt-{3}}i-LCO, i-NMC{4}ipakisha ukuminyana okukhulu kwamandla kodwa athinta ukushisa. I-cobalt{6}}ibhondi ye-oxygen iphuka emazingeni okushisa aphakeme futhi ikhiphe umoya-mpilo ophakelayo.

I-LFP ithethelela kakhulu. I-iron{{1}i-phosphate structure ibamba ndawonye kangcono ngaphansi kwengcindezi yokushisa. Une-headroom eyengeziwe phakathi kokusebenza okuvamile nendawo eyingozi. Amadivayisi afanayo okuvikela, kodwa awasebenzi eduze konqenqema.

Lokhu kuyingxenye enkulu yokuthi kungani i-LFP ithathe izintambo ekuphatheni impahla. Ama-Forklift aphila impilo enzima-ekushaja okusheshayo, ukushintsha kwezinga lokushisa, ukuhlukumeza ngezikhathi ezithile. Ufuna i-chemistry engakwazi ukuyithatha. Wonke amaphakethe e-Polinovel akhiwe ngamaseli e-LFP ngenxa yalesi sizathu.

Thermal Protection