Ngizokweqa isifundo samakhemikhali. Uma usesha lokhu, kungenzeka ukuthi usuyazi kakade i-lithium iron phosphate inephrofayili yokushisa engcono kune-NMC noma i-NCA. Ofuna ukukwazi empeleni ukuthi ngabe le nto izoshisa inqolobane yakho nokuthi ungafakazela kanjani enkampanini yakho yomshwalense ukuthi ngeke.
Impendulo emfushane: i-LiFePO4 eyenziwe kahle ene-BMS eyanele
ukuvikela kuphephe ngempela ukusetshenziswa ezimbonini. Kodwa "okwenziwe kahle" kwenza umsebenzi omkhulu wokuphakamisa lowo musho.
Ngichithe iminyaka ngisebenzisa lawa mabhethri kuma-forklift, ama-AGV, namathuluzi asekela isikhumulo sezindiza. Icala lokuphepha liqinile. Inkinga ukuthi imakethe igcwele imikhiqizo ebukeka ifana kuma-spec sheet kodwa enokwethenjwa kwangempela okuhluke kakhulu{2}}kwezwe. Lesi sihloko sikhuluma ngendlela yokusho umehluko.
Iqiniso elilodwa leKhemistry Odinga Ukulazi
Lapho amabhethri e-NMC engena ekubalekeni okushisayo, i-cathode ikhipha umoya-mpilo. Umlilo uyaziphakela. Uma isiqalile, ukhipha isakhiwo.
I-LiFePO4 ayikwenzi lokhu. I-ayoni-amabhondi e-phosphate kusakhiwo sekristalu ye-olivine awawohloki futhi akhulule umoya-mpilo emazingeni okushisa aphezulu. Akukho ukukhululwa komoyampilo kusho ukuthi umlilo awukwazi ukuziphilisa unomphela.
| Ipharamitha | I-LiFePO4 | I-NMC | Kusho Ukuthini Lokhu |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ukuqala kokubaleka okushisayo | 270 degree | 150-210 degrees | Imajini ebanzi ngaphambi kokuba izinto zingahambi kahle |
| Izinga lokushisa lokushisa | Isisekelo | ~9x ngokushesha | Imizuzwana uma iqhathaniswa nemizuzu yokuphendula |
| Ukusakazwa kwemojula | Isisekelo | ~5x ngokushesha | Iseli elilodwa liyahluleka uma liqhathaniswa nalo lonke iphekhi lihluleka |
Umthombo: Lei et al., iScience; I-MDPI Electronics 2023
Yilokho okwamakhemikhali. Konke okunye ubunjiniyela nokulawulwa kwekhwalithi.
Yini Empeleni Edala Izigameko
Ngiphenye izehlakalo zebhethri eziyisikhombisa eminyakeni emihlanu edlule. Nakhu engikutholile:
Ezintathu kwakuyizinkinga zesixhumi.Ukunqwabelana kothuli, ukuthintana okungalungile, ukushisa okweqile kwendawo. Akukho okuhlanganisa namaseli ngokwawo. Okunye kwalokhu kwenzeke embonini yokucubungula ukudla{2}}uthuli lwangena kusixhumi esishajayo phakathi nezinyanga eziyisishiyagalombili. Ukulungiswa bekuyi $15 yothuli okufanele ngabe ikhona kusukela ekuqaleni.
Ababili bebephethe umonakalo.Ama-Forklift ashaya izinto. Amabhethri ayawa. I-casing yangaphandle ibibukeka ilungile, kodwa ukuxhumana kwangaphakathi konakalisiwe. Kokubili kuhlulekile ngesikhathi sokushaja, hhayi ukusebenza.
Enye bekuyiphutha lesistimu yokushaja.I-BMS ivumele ukukhokhiswa ngokweqile ngenxa yephutha lokuxhumana neshaja. Lokhu bekuyinkinga yokuhlanganisa isistimu, hhayi inkinga yebhethri.
Enye kwakuyikhwalithi yeseli.Ukuhlaziywa kwesigameko-sokuthunyelwe kwembula amaseli{1}ebanga axubile. Umphakeli ubeke esikhundleni -amaseli ebanga ngaphandle kokudalula. Yiyo le eyenza ngilale ebusuku ngoba kunzima ukuyibona.
Idatha ye-FM Global ixoxa indaba efanayo: cishe amaphesenti angu-68 ezigameko ze-lithium agcina izixhumi, ukulimala ngokomzimba, noma izingxenye ezingekho ezingeni. Hhayi ukubaleka okuzenzakalelayo okushisayo.
Angisachithi isikhathi esiningi ngibuza abahlinzeki mayelana nezinga lokushisa elishisayo. Ngichitha isikhathi esiningi ngibuza mayelana nokutholwa kwamaseli, i-QC yokuhlanganisa, kanye ne-BMS yokuvikela i-logic.
Umbuzo we-BMS okufanele uwubuze
Nakhu okuhlukanisa -ibanga lemboni-elingabathengi:
Ukubekwa kwenzwa yezinga lokushisa. Izinzwa ezimbili emaphethelweni ahlukene emojuli ajwayelekile kumadizayini ashibhile. Sibe nesigameko lapho amaseli aphakathi nendawo abengaphansi kwezinga-qhwa kuyilapho izinzwa zesiphetho zifundeka ngo-5 degree. I-BMS ivunyelwe ukushaja. Izinyanga zokushajwa kwesimo sezulu{4}ezibandayo zonakalisa lawo maseli kwaze kwaba yilapho ehluleka.
Ngemuva kwalokho, i-spec yethu idinga okungenani izinzwa ezine module ngayinye, ezisatshalaliswa kuzo zonke izikhundla. Abanye abahlinzeki bahlehlisa izindleko. Asixoxisani ngalokhu.
Ukuvalwa{0}}kwezindleko eziphansi zokushisa. I-LiFePO4 ithola umonakalo unomphela uma ishajwa ngaphansi kwedigri engu-0. I-BMS enhle inokunqamuka okuqinile, hhayi isexwayiso. Ngike ngabuka ama-opharetha ebhala ngaphezulu izexwayiso ezithambile ngaphansi kwengcindezi yokukhiqiza. Isistimu akufanele ibanike leyo nketho.
Ukubuyiswa kokukhishwa okujulile. Imikhawulo yekhwalithi ye-BMS ishaja okwamanje ngemva kokuphuma okujulile kuze kube yilapho amaseli eselulama ngaphezu kuka-3.0V. Imiklamo eshibhile yeqa lokhu ngokuphelele. Umphumela: ukulahlekelwa umthamo unomphela okubonisa ngemva kwezinyanga.
Uma umphakeli engakwazi ukuchaza ingqondo yakhe yokuvikela ye-BMS ngokuningiliziwe, leyo yimpendulo yakho mayelana nokujula kobunjiniyela bakhe.
Ukugreda Kweseli: Abahlinzeki Bengxoxo Bayakugwema
Akuwona wonke amaseli e-LiFePO4 alinganayo.
Ibanga A: Incazelo egcwele yomkhiqizi. Umehluko oqinile wangaphakathi wokumelana. Ukusebenza kweqoqo okungaguquki. Yilokhu okufanele kungene emishinini yezimboni.
Ibanga B: 80-90% ukusebenza kahle ngokuchezuka okuncane. Ngokuvamile ubudala 3-izinyanga ezingu-6 kuhlu lwamagama. Ilungele amandla ekhophi yasenqolobaneni, ama-e-bikes, izinhlelo zokusebenza ezingabalulekile.
Ibanga C: Ngaphansi kwesilinganiso esinokuhlukahluka okuphawulekayo. I-Prototyping kuphela.
Inkinga: abanye abahlinzeki bahlanganisa amamaki phakathi kwamaqoqo noma bayenqaba ukuxoxa nhlobo ngokutholakala. Ibhethri elinenani elingaphansi kwemakethe cishe liqukethe amaseli ebangeni B noma C. Lezo zonga-zesikhathi esifushane ziba izinkinga-zokuthembeka kwesikhathi eside.
Indlela yokuqinisekisa: ukuhlolwa komthamo kufanele kufane nedatha ngaphakathi kuka-3-5%. Ukumelana kwangaphakathi kufanele kuhambisane ne-spec. Ukuzikhipha kwanyanga zonke ngaphansi kuka-3%. Ukuhlolwa okubonakalayo kokuvuvukala noma ukuvuza. Futhi umphakeli kufanele akwazi ukulandelela amaseli kumkhiqizi owaziwayo.
Lapho bengakwazi ukukutshela ukuthi amaseli avelaphi, unayo impendulo yakho.
Isitifiketi: Yini Ephuthelwa Amaqembu Amaningi Wokuthenga
Ibhethri "lingaqinisekiswa nge-UL" kuyilapho isitifiketi sivala amaseli kuphela, hhayi i-BMS. Noma iphakethe kodwa hhayi izintambo. Ukuqinisekiswa kwesistimu egcwele kusho yonke into ehlolwe ndawonye. Isitifiketi esiyingxenye sisho izikhala.
Engikufunayo kubahlinzeki:
- Ukumaka kwe-UL ebonakalayo kulebula yebhethri
- Ukuqinisekisa okuzimele ngesizindalwazi se-UL Product iQ (productiq.ulprospector.com)
- Imibiko yangempela yokuhlolwa, hhayi nje izitifiketi
- Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ububanzi besitifiketi buhlanganisa zonke izingxenye-amaseli, i-BMS, izintambo, indawo evalekile
I-UN 38.3 iyimpoqo ekuthumeleni amazwe ngamazwe. Noma yiliphi ibhethri elingenisiwe kufanele libe nesifinyezo sokuhlola se-UN 38.3 esitholakalayo. Uma bengakwazi ukuyikhiqiza, hamba.
Ngemakethe yase-Europe: I-EU Battery Regulation 2023/1542 idinga ukumakwa kwe-CE kusukela ngo-Agasti 2024. NgoFebruwari 2027, amabhethri ezimboni angaphezu kuka-2kWh adinga i-Battery Passport. Uma uchungechunge lwakho lokunikezela luthinta i-Europe, qinisekisa imephu yomgwaqo yokuthobela yomhlinzeki wakho manje.
I-Lead-Ukuqhathaniswa kwe-Acid
Uma uhlola ukuguqulwa kwemikhumbi kusuka ku-asidi yomthofu-, i-delta yokuphepha inkulu kunalokho abantu abaningi abakuqaphelayo.
I-lead{{0}i-asidi ikhiqiza igesi ye-hydrogen ngesikhathi sokushaja. Kuqhume ku-4-74%. I-OSHA 29 CFR 1910.178(g) idinga ukungena komoya, iziteshi zokugeza amehlo phakathi kwamafidi angu-25, iphansi elimelana ne-asidi, izinto ezisetshenziswayo zokungathathi hlangothi. Izindleko zangempela zengqalasizinda.
I-LiFePO4 ayikhiqizi i-hydrogen. Ayikho i-sulfuric acid. Lezo zidingo zokulawula ziyanyamalala. Sithole ukuthi amakhasimende aphinde asebenzise amagumbi ebhethri ukuze asetshenziswe ngendlela ekhiqizayo ngemva kokuguqulwa, okutholwe amafidi ayisikwele angu-800+ ukuze akhethe izindawo.
Umshwalense ulandela iphrofayili yobungozi. Iklayenti le-warehouse yase-Texas lifake i-LiFePO4 enokuqapha kwe-BMS nokucisha umlilo okwedlula i-NFPA 855. Amaphrimiyamu omshwalense wezakhiwo ehle ngo-35%. Imiphumela yakho izohluka, kodwa iphethini ibambe.
Izimpendulo Eziqondile Zemibuzo Oyibuzayo Empeleni
Umbuzo: Ingabe izovutha ngokuzenzekelayo?
IMP: Angikawatholi amakesi aqinisekisiwe-enziwe kahle,{1}}afakwe i-LiFePO4 ngokuzenzakalelayo abangela imililo. Sonke isigameko ngisiphenyile silandela umonakalo womzimba, amaphutha okukhiqiza, ukufakwa okungafanele, noma izingxenye ezingekho ezingeni. Lokhu kuhlukile kumakhemistri -amandla{6}}aphezulu lapho kubhalwe khona izehlakalo ezizenzakalelayo.
Umbuzo: Kuthiwani uma iba nomlilo?
A: Kulula ukucindezela kune-NMC noma i-NCA. Akukho ukukhululwa komoyampilo kusho ukuthi umlilo awukwazi ukuzibamba{1}} unomphela. Amanzi ayasebenza{3}apholisa amaseli ngokushesha kunokuba ukusabela kukhiqiza ukushisa. Ku-NMC, amanzi ngokuvamile awakwazi ukucisha ngoba i-cathode ilokhu ikhipha umoya-mpilo.
Namanje phatha noma yimuphi umlilo we-lithium ngokungathi sína. Kodwa inselele yokucisha umlilo ihluke ngempela.
Umbuzo: Ingabe ukuguga kuthinta ukuphepha?
A: Ukuwohloka kuthinta umthamo nokumelana kwangaphakathi, hhayi ukuzinza kokushisa. Ibhethri elinomthamo ongu-80% ligcina ngokuyisisekelo izinga lokushisa elilinganayo lokuqalisa ukugijima njengalapho lilisha. Imajini yezokuphepha ayiguguleki ngokusetshenziswa.
Esikwenzayo ePolinovel
Senza amabhethri e-LiFePO4 ezinhlelo zokusebenza zezimboni-ama-forklift, ama-AGV, i-GSE yezindiza, izisetshenziswa zezimayini. Sikhethe le khemistri ngoba amakhasimende ethu awakwazi ukukhokhela ukusha kwebhethri futhi nathi ngeke sikwazi.
Yonke into esiyenzayo isebenzisa amaseli eBanga A anomthombo olandelekayo. Amadizayini ethu e-BMS afaka inzwa yokushisa esabalalisiwe,{1}}ukuvalwa kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi kakhulu, izimiso eziyisisekelo zokuthola ukukhishwa okujulile, nokuxhumana okugcwele kwebhasi le-CAN. Siphethe isitifiketi sezinga le-UL 2580{4}}futhi singanikeza amadokhumenti aphelele anoma yiliphi ibhethri esilithumelayo.
Uma uhlola i-LiFePO4 ngomsebenzi wakho, singakunikeza ukuhlolwa kobuchwepheshe okusekelwe ezimeni zakho ezithile. -Ukusebenza kwamashifu amaningi, isitoreji esibandayo, ukushintsha kwezinga lokushisa kwangaphandle,{3}}izinhlelo zokusebenza eziphezulu zokukhipha{4}}sikufake kuzo zonke lezi zindawo.
Izithenjwa:
- I-MDPI Electronics (2023). Izici zokuphepha zamabhethri e-lithium iron phosphate. I-DOI: 10.3390/electronics12224687
- Lei, B. et al. Izici zokuqhathanisa ezishisayo ezishisayo.iSayensi.
- I-FM Global Data Sheet 5-33. I-Lithium-Ion Ibhethri Amandla Storage Systems. Januwari 2024.
- I-OSHA 29 CFR 1910.178(g). Amaloli Asebenza Ngezimboni.
