Umkhiqizi Wephekhi Yebhethri Engokwezifiso: Izisombululo Zemboni nokuhlaziywa kwe-TCO

Uma amaseli ajwayelekile ehlangabezana nenjongo-yakhiwe okokusebenza, kufanele kube khona okunikezwayo

Ibhethri evaliwe--eshalofini lenziwe ngesilinganiso sezinhlelo zokusebenza eziyinkulungwane kanye nokuma ncamashi kwazo zonke. Beka eyodwa elolini elifinyelelayo, i-AGV, noma ukudonsa kwesikhumulo sezindiza kanye nendawo yokuyekethisa phakathi neshifti yokuqala: amaseli adla ivolumu yangaphakathi oyidingayo ukuze ubhekane nesisindo noma izintambo, izinyawo ezikhuphukayo azihlali kuhlaka lwakho, ibhodi labaphathi ngeke likhulume nesilawuli sakho.CAN, futhi i-voltage incipha lapho umjikelezo womsebenzi ufinyelela phezulu. Akukho kulokhu okuyisici sokukhiqiza. Kungumphumela obikezelwayo wokucela umkhiqizo ojwayelekile ukuthi wenze umsebenzi othile, futhi ukuvala lelo gebe yisona sizathu sokuba khona komkhiqizi wamaphakethe ebhethri angokwezifiso.

 

Akukhona ngobunjiniyela bobukhazikhazi. Ngenhloso{{1}yamathuluzi nezimboni, izingqinamba ezinquma ukuthi umshini uyasebenza yini (imvilophu, iphrothokholi yokuxhumana, i-peak current, isilinganiso se-ingress, iwindi lokushisa) iyona kanye amaphekhi amisiwe angakwazi ukuwahlonipha. Okwethu ukuzizwisa kukhomba esiphethweni esishubile esizosivikela kulo lonke lolu cezu: ngenhloso{3}}impahla eyakhiwe, ukuphoqa iphekhi elijwayelekile ukuthi lilingane cishe njalo kubiza ngaphezulu kwempilo yomshini kunokudizayina iphakethe lebhethri langokwezifiso kanye.

Igama elithi "isiko" okumele lisho ngaphambi kokuthi ulethembe

Abahlinzeki abaningi baphrinta "ngokwezifiso" kuseli yekhathalogi ngesonga esisha. Iphakethe lebhethri elenziwe ngendlela oyifisayo ngempela lichazwa ngobukhulu obuyisithupha ngesikhathi esisodwa, futhi igebe phakathi kokwakhiwa ngokwezifiso kwangempela kanye nokulebulwe kabusha yilapho ubungozi obuningi bokuthenga bucasha khona.

Ngogesi, iphekhi yebhethri yangokwezifiso ye-OEM ebucayi ilinganiswa kuphrofayela yakho yomthwalo wangempela: i-voltage yegama, umthamo osebenzisekayo, kanye nenani eliqhubekayo neliphezulu elingu-C-elihambisana nendlela okokusebenza okudonsa ngayo okwamanje, hhayi enombolweni eyindilinga kushidi elicacisiwe. I-Chemistry iyisinqumo, hhayi into ezenzakalelayo. Ngenhloso{3}yamandla nomsebenzi wezimboni siyawucacisaI-LiFePO4 (LFP)njengesisekelo, ngoba impilo yomjikelezo wayo nokuzinza kokushisa kwedlula ukuminyana kwamandla okuphezulu kwe-NMC kuzo zonke kodwa izimo ezimbalwa lapho isisindo siwumkhawulo oyisibopho. Umphakeli ongakwazi ukuchaza ukuthi kungani i-LFP iqhathaniswa ne-NMC ilingana nomjikelezo wakho womsebenzi akakenzi ubunjiniyela. Ngokwemishini, indawo ebiyelwe yakhiwe endaweni yakho, okuyikhona okuvumela{2}}iphakethe eliklanywe kahle ukuthi lifune kabusha isikhala kunokuba lidle. Isistimu yokuphatha nesendlalelo sokuxhumana kufanele kulungiseke kuphrofayela yakho yokushaja kanye nebhasi lakho (CAN, RS485, noma i-Modbus), ngoba iphekhi elingakwazi ukubika isimo-so-sokukhokhiswa kwesofthiwe yemikhumbi yakho iphakethe ongeke ukwazi ukuliphatha. Ukuziphatha okushisayo, ukuvikelwa kokungena endaweni umshini ohlala kuyo, kanye nokuthobela okuphelele{8}}kanye{9}}nomzila wokulebula ozungeza uhlu. Khipha noma yikuphi kwalokhu futhi "ngokwezifiso" kuwukuthengisa nje. Sibhale phansi ukuthi iphakethe le-lithium lingalungiswa kanjani ngokweqiniso kumhlahlandlela wethu ukwenza ngokwezifiso iphakethe lebhethri, futhi ungabona{0}ekuklanyweni kwendlu, ukuhlanganisa, nokuhlola ukuhamba komsebenzingemuva kwayo. Inguqulo emfushane ukuthi umklamo kagesi uyingxenye elula, futhi ukuhlanganiswa yilapho izinhlelo ze-OEM ziphumelela noma zehluleka.

Qondanisa iphekhi nomjikelezo wemisebenzi, hhayi nedatha yedatha

Into eyodwa ewusizo kakhulu umthengi angayenza ukuyeka ukuqhathanisa amaphakethe kwelinye futhi aqale ukuqhathanisa iphakethe ngalinye nomsebenzi okufanele liwenze. Umkhiqizi wephakethe lebhethri langokwezifiso elilingana nenani lawo uzoqala emjikelezweni wakho futhi ahlehlise{1}}unjiniyela wekhemistri, ukumisa, kanye nendawo ebiyelwe kusukela lapho. Leyo ngqondo ibukeka yehlukile kuwo wonke amagumbi omhlaba-amandla, yingakho nje impendulo-ewusayizi owodwa kuyimpendulo engalungile.

Inqwaba-yemikhumbi yempahla eshintshashintshayo iphila futhi ife ngesikhathi sokusebenza. Nakhu okubalulekile kokuklamaukushaja okusheshayo nethuba, impilo yomjikelezo omkhulu, kanye nedizayini eshisayo ebekezelela-emuva{1}}izinkathi ngaphandle kokululaza: iphekhi elishajayo ngesikhathi sekhefu lekhofi lidlula iphekhi elidinga ukushintshwa kanye nokuphola{2}}phansi, ngisho noma elesibili lishibhe{3}}ngehora ngalinye.Uhlelo lwe-AGViguqula ukugcizelela, lapho ukuhlanganiswa nokuxhumana kubusa, ngoba ibhethri kufanele liziphathe njengenodi ephethwe kusistimu ye-automation, ibike ngesikhathi sangempela futhi yamukele isilawuli sokushaja esihlakaniphile. Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezibandayo-zeketango nesiqandisi zishintsha isici esivamile esincane ({2}}ukuzifudumeza kanye nezinga lokushisa elivaliwe{3}}eliphansi{4}}elinomklamo onamandla) sibe yisici esinqumayo, njengoba iphekhi elingeke lishaje-ku-40℃limane lingelona ikhandidethi. Izimo ezinzima ezifana nezimayini nokubamba imbobo zisunduza i-spec ku-ruggedization, lapho ukumelana nokudlidliza, ukuvalwa kwe-IP67, nokukhetha kwamaseli aqaphela ukuqhuma kwedlula izinzuzo ezilinganiselwe ekuminyana kwamandla.

Iphuzu elixhumanisa zonke izimo ezine ukuthi iphekhi yebhethri yangokwezifiso engcono kakhulu ye-forklift kanye nezindiza ze-AGV yileyo ubungozi bayo obuhambisana nemodi yokwehluleka komsebenzi wakho, hhayi lena enomugqa ongcono kakhulu eshadini lokuqhathanisa. Sisayizi wamaphakethe walezi zihlukanisoi-forklift kanye-nemikhumbi yokubamba impahla, futhi ingxoxo yokuklama iqala njalo ngokuthi isisetshenziswa sisetshenziswa kanjani, hhayi ukuthi iseli lithengiswa ngaliphi.

Inombolo ebalulekile yizindleko zomjikelezo wokuphila, hhayi isilinganiso

Ngaphezulu-kwempilo yesevisi yeshift eminingi, isisusa se-lithium{1}}iphakethe lamandla ngokuvamile lihlala ngaphansi komthofu{2}}kuizindleko eziphelele zobunikazingaphandle kwentengo yokuthenga ephezulu. Lowo musho uyiqiniso kaningi ngokwanele ukuba ube ovamile ofanelekile, kodwa nakhu okuguquguqukayo abahlinzeki abaningi abangeke bavolontiye: ubamba kuphela ukusetshenziswa okuphezulu, futhi ungaphenduka ngokuphelele ngaphansi{1}}kwehora elithile.

Izibalo ezihambisanayo aziguquki futhi zifanele ukwenziwa ngaphakathi. {{1}Iphakethe le-lithium elakhiwe kahle liletha cishe ukuphila okuphindwe kabili komjikelezo we-asidi yomthofu-okuthi uma usebenza kanzima ungasho iphekhi elilodwa elisebenza lapho{3}}i-asidi eholayo emibili noma emithathu bekuyodingeka. Ishaja ngokushesha okukhulu, nge-oda lehora elilodwa kuya kwamabili uma iqhathaniswa nesishiyagalombili ukuya kweyishumi, futhi iguqula ngokuphawulekayo amandla amaningi owakhokhelayo abe umsebenzi osebenzisekayo, ngenzuzo yokushaja{5}}esebenza kahle endaweni yangamaphesenti angamashumi amathathu. Isendlalelo somsebenzi uyeka ukuchitha ukuchelela nokushintshanisa, kanye nendawo ephansi igumbi lebhethri elibuyiselayo, futhi igebe phakathi kwenani lesitika nezindleko zomjikelezo wokuphila liyakhula minyaka yonke lapho okokusebenza kusebenza khona.

Lokho kubukeka kanjani ensimini: ekusebenzeni kwe-Toyota BT forklift eSaudi Arabia, sashintsha iphakethe le-300Ah NCA ngengokwezifiso 48V 315Ah LiFePO4 ukwakhafuthi wengeze i-counterweight mass ukubuyisela ibhalansi nokusebenza kokuphakamisa. Umthamo ophezulu kanye ne-ballast eyengeziwe kwenze okwengeziwe ekuphumeni kwe-shift okusebenzisekayo kunenombolo ye-amp{1}}yehora eluhlaza ephakanyisiwe, futhi izinto zomugqa wokulungisa nowokushintsha ikhemistri endala zavele zanyamalala. Lolo uhlobo lwangaphambili-futhi-ngemuva kokuthi uhlelo oluthembekile lwephakethe lebhethri le-lithium kufanele likwazi ukukubonisa, nokucushwa okupelwe ngokucacile kunokuba kusikiselwe.

Nakhu okuguquguqukayo okunquma ukuthi noma yikuphi kwalokhu kuyasebenza kuwe: ukusetshenziswa. Inzuzo ye-TCO iqine kakhulu{1}ekusetshenzisweni okuphezulu,{2}}kuningi{2}}izindiza zamashifu futhi ezibuthakathaka, kwesinye isikhathi zingekho, ekusebenzeni okukodwa-okunamafasitela amade angasebenzi kanye negumbi lebhethri eliholayo-eselivele lakhiwe, elinabasebenzi, futhi elisebenza kahle. Sibukele amaqembu okuthenga egunyaza ukuguqulwa kwe-lithium ngamandla eshadi le-ROI elijwayelekile, bese kunzima ukubuyisela emuva ngenxa yokuthi ukusebenza kwawo{6}}kwangempela amahora abe yingxenye yalokho okucatshangwa yishadi. Ngakho-ke inguqulo ethembekile ayiyona "i-lithium ehlala iwina"; "i-lithium iwina ngokuqiniseka lapho isisetshenziswa sisebenza kanzima," futhi udinga eyakho iphethini yokushintsha kumodeli ukuze wazi ukuthi ukuliphi icala. Uma ufuna leyo zibalo iqhudelane nomjikelezo wemfanelo wangempela kuneshadi lesitoko, leyo ingxoxo okufanele ube nayo kuqala, ngakho-keyabelana ngephethini yeshifu yangempela yemikhumbi yakho futhi sizoyisayizi.

Ukutshela ifekthri yangempela kusukela ekusebenzeni kokulebula kabusha

Lena ingxenye yesinqumo ebiza abathengi kakhulu futhi ibhalwa okungenani. Iqiniso elingakhululekile, elibhalwe kahle emiphakathini yobunjiniyela njengeI-DIY Solar Power Forum, ukuthi amaseli "eBanga A" awanawo-izinga eliphambene nefekthri. Iladi le-A+/A-/B/C ngokuyinhloko liwuhlelo lwamagama olwakhiwe phakathi kwabathengi nabathengisi; Isigaba esilinganayo{4}}abenzi beseli elilodwa bahamba nedatha yokuhlola eqoqwe kunesitembu "seBanga A". Ngakho-ke umphakeli othembisa "amaseli eBanga A" wenza isimangalo, sona ngokwaso, esingasho lutho.

Kusho ukuthini okuthile imibhalo. Isignali eqinisekiswayo yomkhiqizi wephakethe lebhethri langokwezifiso-iwumbiko wokuhlolwa kweseli ngalinye obala ukumelana kwangaphakathi, i-voltage, nomthamo weseli ngayinye, okulandelekayo ukuya kukhodi ekuseli, ngoba yilokho okufakazela ukuthi amaseli afanisiwe futhi aboshwe esikhundleni sokushanelwa asuswa emugqeni wokwenqaba. Ukufanisa kubaluleke ngaphezu kwebanga lokumaketha: iphakethe elakhiwe ngamaseli angahlungiwe liyahlukana ku-voltage ngokushesha, liphoqa i-BMS ukuthi isebenze njalo, futhi iguge ngaphambi kwesikhathi, kuyilapho iphekhi eliboshwe ngokufanelekile lihlala lilingana ngokungenelela okuncane. Intengo enye tshela. Kunesitezi esimaholoholo kumaseli amakhulu asemthethweni efomethi ye-LFP-ebangeni elicishe libe ngu-$0.12-0.15 ngehora le-watt ngalinye ngaphambi komthwalo, futhi ikhwowutheshini ngaphansi kwaleso sitezi iyingcaphuno yento ethile ngaphandle kwalokho okwakuthenjisiwe. Ngokomugqa wethu, iqoqo ngalinye elingenayo liyakalwa futhi lihlolwe ukuvuvuka, ukubola, ukugoqa kabusha, kanye nokushisela okubushelelezi kwetheminali ngaphambi kokuba kuthenjwe ukufundwa kwe-voltage eyodwa, ngoba iseli elifile lisabonisa amandla kagesi kumitha. Isisindo ne-casing ikutshela ukuthi i-multimeter ayikwazi yini.

Yeka ukuthi iphakethe elishibhile libiza kangakanani

Ukonga okuthatha ngephakethe elishibhile ngokusolisayo kuvame ukubuya nenzalo, futhi irekhodi lokuphepha lomphakathi libonisa ukuthi kanjani. I-US Consumer Product Safety Commission ibhale ngokuphindaphindiwe ukuthi iseli elilodwa elihlulekayo lingakwazi kanjanisabalalisa ukugijima okushisayo ngokusebenzisa-iphakethe lamaseli amaningiengenakho ukuhlukaniswa okufanele kanye nohlelo lokuphatha olunekhono. Yilokho umshini ongemuva kwegagasi lei-hoverboard iyakhumbulakanye netimu eyenzeka njalo-ekuhlulekeni kwebhethri kwezindleko eziphansi kusukela lapho. Irekhodi elifanayo lenza iphuzu elinokuthula abathengi okufanele bahlale nalo: amaseli akhishwe emaphaketheni ezimboni futhi aphinde ahlanganiswe ngokuthi "amasha", umkhuba ngqo ingxoxo yeseli-yebanga engenhla exwayisa ngayo, ayinazo isivikelo kanye nengozi yomlilo yangempela.

Ukuthobelana nokulethwa kwamaqiniso abathengi abakubukeli phansi

Ukuthobela akusona isinyathelo sokuqeda ovala ngaso ngemva kokuba umklamo uqandisiwe; phatha kanjalo futhi uzolahlekelwa amasonto. Indlela yesitifiketi kufanele ichazwe ngaphambi kokuthi i-prototype ikhiywe: ukuhlolwa kwezokuthutha ngaphansi kwe-UN 38.3, qeda{2}}izindinganiso zokuphepha komkhiqizo ezifana ne-IEC 62133 noma, ngamandla e-motive, UL 2580 kanye ne-IEC 62619, kanye nokulebula kanye{6}}nanoma iliphi ikhasimende{6}}izindinganiso ezithile. Ukubuyisela kabusha ukuthobela kumklamo oqediwe yindlela izinhlelo ezishelela ngayo.

Abathengi bezinombolo abavame ukushiya ngaphandle kokuhlela kwabo yizona ezihamba phambili. Njengesisekelo esisebenzayo sedizayini yephakethe yebhethri yangokwezifiso, lindela-ubunjiniyela obungaphindeki kanye namathuluzi ebangeni elicishe libe ngu-$5,000-$30,000 kuye ngobunkimbinkimbi, kanye nesabelomali nge-oda lika-$8,000-$25,000 ukuze uthole i-UN egcwele 38.3 + i-IEC {{11} yomkhankaso wokuhlanganisa i-UL kusuka kumaviki ayisishiyagalombili kuya kwayisishiyagalombili} isandla. Lezo ububanzi obujwayelekile bomkhakha kunezingcaphuno, kodwa umphakeli ongakwazi ukubeka izinombolo kule ndawo ngaphambi kwakho yilowo ongakaze asebenzise indlela ngaphambilini.

Iphasi elifushane{0}lokukhuthala ngaphambi kokuthi ukhiphe i-PO

Iningi lalesi sihloko liwela libe yimibuzo embalwa, futhi liphinda kabili njengempendulo engokoqobo yokuthi ungakhetha kanjani umkhiqizi wephakethe lebhethri ngaphandle kokuncika ebhukwana. Zisebenzise njengohlu lokuhlola, ngoba abahlinzeki okufanele basebenze nabo bawaphendule ngaphandle kokunqikaza:

• Ingabe uzohlinzeka-ngombiko wokuhlolwa kweseli (IR, i-voltage, umthamo, ikhodi elandelekayo) wamaseli ephaketheni lami?
• Ingabe uyifekthri eyakha iphekhi, futhi ungakwazi ukwenza umsuka-ubangele ukuhlaziya nokulawula izinguquko zobunjiniyela kulayini wakho?
• Yiziphi izitifiketi ezisebenza esicelweni sami, futhi ingabe usuyidwebile indlela ngaphambi kokuba i-prototype ibe yiqhwa kunangemva kwalokho?
• Iyini i-NRE, izindleko zamathuluzi, i-MOQ, nesikhathi sokuhola esingokoqobo sevolumu yami nokuba yinkimbinkimbi?
• Ungakwazi yini ukukhombisa ukusetshenziswa okuqhathanisekayo embonini yami, ngaphambi-nangemuva{1}}kuchazwe ngokucacile?

Uma izimpendulo zibambekayo futhi zibhaliwe, ukhuluma nozakwenu. Uma zingacacile noma zivikela, usanda kugwema iphutha elibizayo. Uma usulungele ukubeka umjikelezo womsebenzi wangempela phambi konjiniyela abawuklamayo, ungakwaziqala isisombululo sebhethri sangokwezifiso esilinganiswe nezinto zokusebenza zakho, esekelwa ukukhiqizwa okuqinisekisiwe kanye nokuthunyelwa bukhoma emazweni angaphezu kwama-80 futhiishumi nanhlanu-kanye namaphekhi wamandla wokwakha iminyaka-kusukela ngo-2006. Iphakethe elilungile likhokhela ukukhuthala izikhathi eziningi; elingalungile likukhokhisa ngokweqa.

Imibuzo ejwayelekile ukubuzwa