Ngenyanga edlule sibe neklayenti lendawo yokungcebeleka eFlorida wasishayela uvalo. Bathenge amasethi angu-60 "48V 100Ah lithium amabhethri" komunye umhlinzeki we-Alibaba, bawafakile, futhi babukele ingxenye yemikhumbi ivala phakathi namaviki amabili. Kuvele ukuthi amaseli bekungawamanqamu eBanga B anokumelana kwangaphakathi okungafani. Leyo "dili" engu-$48,000 yaphenduka isifundo sama-$90,000.
Ngibhala lokhu ngoba ngikhathele ukubona izinga elifanayo lokuqukethwe kukadoti ku-Google. Izigaba zamanani ajwayelekile zikopishwe komunye nomunye, ayikho idatha yangempela yephrojekthi, akukhulunywa ngezinto ezingahambi kahle. Uma ungumphathi wezimoto noma isikhulu sokuthengwa kwempahla esizama ukwenza isabelomali sokushintshwa kwebhethri, nakhu ukuthi izinombolo zibukeka kanjani uma ubheka yonke into.
Izindleko ngeVoltage: Izinombolo Akekho Ofuna Ukuzishicilela
Ake ngibeke amatafula ngaphambili ngoba mhlawumbe yingakho ulapha.
36V Systems (6×6V lead-Acid noma I-Single Lithium Pack)
| Uhlobo Lwebhethri | Izindleko zeyunithi | Uhlelo Olugcwele | Ukuphila Okulindelekile | Izindleko ngonyaka |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| I-Trojan T-105 (i-6V igcwele izikhukhula) | $180-250 | $1,080-1,500 | Iminyaka engu-2-3 | $450-500 |
| I-US Battery 2200 (6V) | $170-220 | $1,020-1,320 | Iminyaka engu-2-3 | $400-440 |
| Izikhukhula ezijwayelekile (6V) | $100-140 | $600-840 | Iminyaka engu-1.5-2 | $350-420 |
| I-LiFePO4 36V 100Ah | Iyunithi eyodwa | $1,200-1,800 | Iminyaka engu-8-10 | $150-180 |
| I-LiFePO4 36V 150Ah | Iyunithi eyodwa | $1,800-2,400 | Iminyaka engu-8-10 | $200-240 |
48V Systems (Okuvamile Kakhulu Ukucushwa kweFleet)
| Uhlobo Lwebhethri | Izindleko zeyunithi | Uhlelo Olugcwele | Ukuphila Okulindelekile | Izindleko ngonyaka |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6×8V iThrojani T-875 | $200-280 | $1,200-1,680 | Iminyaka engu-3-4 | $350-420 |
| 6×8V Ibhethri lase-US | $180-240 | $1,080-1,440 | Iminyaka engu-3-4 | $320-360 |
| 8×6V Ijenerikhi igcwele izikhukhula | $100-150 | $800-1,200 | Iminyaka engu-2-3 | $350-400 |
| I-AGM 48V (isondlo{1}mahhala) | Pakisha | $1,400-2,000 | Iminyaka engu-3-4 | $400-500 |
| I-LiFePO4 48V 100Ah | Iyunithi eyodwa | $1,800-2,500 | Iminyaka engu-8-10 | $200-280 |
| I-LiFePO4 48V 105Ah (Ibhethri ye-Eco) | Iyunithi eyodwa | $2,595-2,895 | 10+ iminyaka | $260-290 |
| I-LiFePO4 48V 150Ah | Iyunithi eyodwa | $2,800-3,500 | 10+ iminyaka | $280-350 |
I-72V Systems (Ephezulu-Ukusebenza/Ezohwebo)
| Uhlobo Lwebhethri | Uhlelo Olugcwele | Ukuphila Okulindelekile | Izindleko ngonyaka | Kuhle kakhulu |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6×12V Lead-asidi | $1,200-1,800 | Iminyaka engu-2-3 | $500-600 | Imisebenzi yesabelomali |
| 6×12V AGM | $1,800-2,400 | Iminyaka engu-3-4 | $500-600 | Izidingo zokunakekela eziphansi |
| I-LiFePO4 72V 100Ah | $3,200-4,000 | 10+ iminyaka | $320-400 | Ukuhweba okujwayelekile |
| I-LiFePO4 72V 150Ah | $4,500-5,700 | 10+ iminyaka | $450-570 | Umsebenzi{0}}osindayo, indawo enamagquma |
Lezi zintengo yizo esizibona ku-Q4 2024 kuya ku-Q1 2025. Uma othile ekucaphuna ngokuphawulekayo ngaphansi kwalezi zinhlanga, buza imibuzo enzima mayelana nokutholakala kwamaselula.
Isinqumo se-100Ah vs 150Ah Akekho Okhuluma Ngaso
Nansi into engihlanyisa. Yonke indatshana yokuqhathanisa iphatha "i-lithium" njengesigaba esisodwa. Kepha kunomehluko omkhulu wokusebenza phakathi kwephakethe le-48V 100Ah nephakethe le-48V 150Ah, futhi umehluko wezindleko awulingani nomehluko wamandla.
Iphakethe elingu-100Ah likunikeza cishe u-4.8kWh wamandla asebenzisekayo. Okwenkundla yegalofu ejwayelekile enezindawo eziyisicaba kanye nezinqola ezihamba izimbobo eziyi-18-27 ngosuku, lokho kuvame ukwanele. Kodwa uma ugijima endaweni enamagquma, noma amakalishi akho enza izimbobo 36+ nsuku zonke, noma unabagibeli abasindayo nempahla, lelo phekhi le-100Ah lizohamba lijule kakhulu futhi livame kakhulu.
Iphakethe le-150Ah libiza mhlawumbe ngo-40-50% ngaphezulu kodwa liletha umthamo ongaphezulu ongu-50%. Okubaluleke nakakhulu, ugibela iphekhi ujule kancane ekusebenziseni ngakunye, okunweba impilo yesevisi yangempela ngaphezu kwesibalo somjikelezo olinganiselwe.
Senze ukuqhathanisa ngenqola engama-40 ngonyaka odlule:
| Imethrikhi | I-48V 100Ah Fleet | I-48V 150Ah Fleet |
|---|---|---|
| Izindleko zokuqala (izinqola ezingama-40) | $80,000 | $116,000 |
| Ukujula kwansuku zonke kokukhishwa | 65-75% | 40-50% |
| Impilo yomjikelezo ehlongozwayo | 3,000-3,500 | 4,500-5,000 |
| Iminyaka ehlongozwayo ifinyelele umthamo wama-80%. | Iminyaka engu-7-8 | Iminyaka engu-10-12 |
| Kudingeka-ukushaja kosuku | Yebo (ukuphakama kwehlobo) | Cha |
| Izindleko zeminyaka engu-10 sezizonke | $80,{1}} isikhathi sokuphumula | $116,000 |
Inketho ye-150Ah ibibukeka ibiza kakhulu ku-PO, kodwa ukususa ukuzungezisa-ukushaja kwaphakathi nosuku kubagcinele izingxenye ezimbili-zezikhundla zesikhathi sabasebenzi. Lokho kungu-$35,000+ ngonyaka emsebenzini. Inketho "emba eqolo" izikhokhele yona ngaphansi konyaka.
Izindleko Ezifihliwe Ezibulala Isabelomali Sakho
Intengo yephekhi yebhethri mhlawumbe i-65-70% yezindleko zakho zangempela zephrojekthi. Nakhu okunye okunye:
Ukuthuthukiswa Okuyisibopho Kokuguqulwa Kwe-lithium
| Into | I-Cost Range | Amanothi |
|---|---|---|
| Ishaja{0}ehambisanayo ne-Lithium | $180-400 | Akuxoxiswana-. Amashaja omthofu{2} azolimaza amaphakethe e-lithium. |
| Ukuthuthukiswa kwekhebula (4 AWG ubuncane) | $60-120 inqola ngayinye | Izintambo zesitoko 6 AWG zibangela izinkinga zokwehla kwamandla kagesi |
| 48V-kuya ku-12V isinciphisi | $50-150 | Kudingeka uma amalambu agijimayo, i-GPS, imisakazo |
| Ukukhweza amabakaki/izingxenyekazi zekhompyutha | $30-80 | Okungekho{0}}okungehli{1}}kumafomu ezinto |
| Ukuhlelwa kabusha kwesilawuli | $0-150 | Ezinye izinqola ezindala zidinga ukulungiswa kwepharamitha |
Izindleko Ezivame Ukunganakwa
| Into | I-Cost Range | Amanothi |
|---|---|---|
| Ukufakwa kochwepheshe | $ 100-300 inqola ngayinye | I-DIY kungenzeka kodwa imithelela yewaranti |
| Ukulahlwa kwebhethri/umongo | $0-50 isethi ngayinye | Abanye abathengisi bayakhokhisa, abanye banikeza isikweletu |
| Isikhathi sokuphumula ngesikhathi sokuguqulwa | Iyahlukahluka | Hlela phakathi-nesizini uma kungenzeka |
| Ukuqeqeshwa kwabasebenzi | $0-500 | Amaphrothokholi wokushaja i-Lithium ahlukile-ku-asidi yomthofu |
Ekuguquleni i-lithium engu-40-yenqola, ngokuvamile sibhajethela u-$12,000-18,000 owengeziwe ngaphezu kwezindleko zebhethri ngokwalo. Amaklayenti angawuhlelile lo msebenzi agcina ephithizela phakathi nephrojekthi.
I-TCO Yeminyaka Eyi-10: Lapho I-Lithium Iwina Ngempela (Futhi Lapho Ingaphumeleli)
Ngizokhuluma iqiniso: i-lithium ayenzi umqondo wezezimali kukho konke ukusebenza. Nasi izibalo zangempela.
Isistimu engu-48V: Isamba Sezindleko Zeminyaka eyi-10 Yobunikazi (Ikalishi ngalinye)
| Isigaba Sezindleko | I-Lead-Acid (Trojan T-875) | I-Lithium 100Ah | I-Lithium 150Ah |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ukuthengwa kwebhethri kokuqala | $1,400 | $2,200 | $3,200 |
| Ishaja (i-lithium idinga entsha) | $0 | $250 | $250 |
| Ukuthuthukiswa kwekhebula/i-hardware | $0 | $150 | $150 |
| Ukubuyisela Unyaka 3-4 | $1,400 | $0 | $0 |
| Unyaka Wokushintsha 7-8 | $1,400 | $0 | $0 |
| Ukugcinwa konyaka ×10 | $1,500 | $200 | $200 |
| Ugesi (iminyaka eyi-10) | $2,500 | $1,750 | $1,850 |
| Isamba Seminyaka eyi-10 | $8,200 | $4,550 | $5,650 |
I-Lithium 100Ah yonga cishe u-$3,650 inqola ngayinye phakathi neminyaka eyi-10. Ngemikhumbi yenqola engu-50, lokho kungu-$182,500.
Kodwa nakhu lapho kuba nzima khona. Leso sibalo sithatha ngokuthi uzogcina amakalishi iminyaka eyi-10. Uma ukumjikelezo wokuqashisa weminyaka emi-5 nomkhiqizi wenqola, izibalo zishintsha ngokuphelele:
I-TCO yeminyaka emi-5 (Ikalishi ngalinye)
| Isigaba Sezindleko | I-Lead-Acid | I-Lithium 100Ah |
|---|---|---|
| Ukuthuthukiswa + kokuqala | $1,400 | $2,600 |
| Omunye esikhundleni (Unyaka 3) | $1,400 | $0 |
| Isondlo (iminyaka emi-5) | $750 | $100 |
| Ugesi (iminyaka emi-5) | $1,250 | $875 |
| Isamba Seminyaka engu-5 | $4,800 | $3,575 |
Usathanda i-lithium, kodwa imajini incane. Uma usebenzisa isikhathi sokuqashisa seminyaka engu-3-, i-lead-asidi ivama ukwenza umqondo ngaphandle kokuthi uxoxisane ngemibandela yokuthenga ibhethri.
I-ROI Ukubala Isifanekiso se-CFO Yakho
Uma ngihlanganisela iklayenti icala lebhizinisi, lena ifomethi egunyazwa ngempela:
Isampula: 60-Inqola Fleet Lithium Conversion
Isimo samanje (I-Lead-Acid 48V)
- Isabelomali sonyaka sokushintshwa kwebhethri: $28,000 (amakalishi angama-20/unyaka)
- Umsebenzi wesondlo wonyaka: $12,000 (ukuchelela, ukuhlanza, ukulinganisa)
- Ugesi waminyaka yonke: $9,000
- Izindleko zesikhathi sokuphumula ezingahleliwe: ~$8,000 (isilinganiso)
- Isamba Sezindleko Zonyaka Zokusebenza: $57,000
Izwe elihlongozwayo (Lithium 48V 105Ah)
- Izindleko zokuguqula-zesikhathi esisodwa: $180,000 (amabhethri + amashaja + nokufakwa)
- Umsebenzi wokulungisa wonyaka: $1,500
- Ugesi waminyaka yonke: $6,300 (ukwehliswa okungu-30%)
- Izindleko zesikhathi sokuphumula ezingahleliwe: ~$1,000 (isilinganiso)
- Isamba Sezindleko Zonyaka Zokusebenza: $8,800
Ukonga Ngonyaka: $48,200
Isikhathi sokukhokha: iminyaka engu-3.7
I-10-Year Net Savings: $302,000
Inombolo yesikhathi sokuphumula engahleliwe iyona emangazayo abantu. Ukuhluleka-kwe-asidi yomthofu kuvame ukuba kungazelelwe futhi kungabikezeleki. Ukucekelwa phansi kwe-lithium kuhamba kancane. Ungakuhlelela.
Izinto Ezihamba Kahle Empeleni
Ake ngikutshele mayelana nezinhlobo zokwehluleka esizibona kakhulu, ngoba lolu uhlobo lolwazi oluhlukanisa abathengisi abenze amaphrojekthi wemikhumbi kulabo abangenzanga.
I-BMS Yamanje Yezilinganiso Ezingafani
Lena imbangela yokuqala yezimangalo zewaranti esiyibonayo. Umuntu uthenga iphakethe eline-BMS engu-100A eqhubekayo ngoba ibishibhile, alifake enqoleni edonsa u-150A ngesikhathi sokusheshisa, futhi uyazibuza ukuthi kungani lilokhu licisha.
Ngikhiphe lokhu kuntambo ye-Cartaholics ngoba ichaza udaba kangcono kunami: umsebenzisi uqaphele ukuthi ngisho nama-EZGO ayisisekelo adonsa ama-amps angu-150, futhi izinqola eziguquliwe zingashaya ama-amps angu-400 kalula. Amayunithi e-BMS{3}enjongo evamile awaklanyelwe le mithwalo ephezulu.
Ngezicelo zemikhumbi, nakhu okudingayo ngempela:
| Ukucushwa Kwenqola | Isilinganiso se-BMS esiqhubekayo | Isilinganiso Esiphakeme (3-5 amasekhondi) |
|---|---|---|
| Isitoko, asishintshiwe | 150A ubuncane | 300A |
| Amamodi athambile (aphakanyisiwe, amathayi amakhulu) | 200A ubuncane | 400A |
| Ukusebenza kuyakha | 400A+ | 800-1000A |
I-4×12V Serial Wiring Disaster
Ngikubonile lokhu kubulala amaphrojekthi amathathu emikhumbi. Othile unquma ukonga imali ngokufaka izintambo ezine 12V amabhethri e-lithium ochungechungeni ukuze enze i-48V esikhundleni sokuthenga iphakethe le-48V elifanele.
Inkinga: ibhethri ngalinye le-12V line-BMS yalo. Lawo mayunithi e-BMS amane awanakho ukuxhumana namanye. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, amabhethri ayakhukhuleka. Uma i-BMS yebhethri eyodwa iqala ukuvikeleka kuyilapho ezinye zisalungile, uthola ukuvala shaqa okungahleliwe okufana nama-gremlin kagesi.
Enye indawo yokungcebeleka yachitha izinyanga ezine kanye no-$15,000 ezikweletini zikagesi izama ukuxilonga lokho ababecabanga ukuthi kuyinkinga yezintambo. Kwakungamabhethri.
Uma uthenga i-48V, thenga iphekhi elilodwa le-48V eline-BMS ehlanganisiwe. Isikhathi. Okufanayo kuya kumasistimu we-36V kanye ne-72V.
Ukushaja Isimo Sezulu Esibandayo
Ubusika obudlule sibe neklayenti eNyakatho neCarolina ukulahlekelwa amabhethri ayisithupha ngenxa yokulimala kwe-lithium plating. Abasebenzi babo abalungisayo babexhuma izinqola ngobusuku obubodwa lapho amazinga okushisa ehla ngaphansi kwezingaqhwa. Amayunithi amaningi e-BMS avimba ukushaja ngaphansi kuka-32℃F ngokukhethekile ukuze avimbele lokhu, kodwa amanye amayunithi ashibhile awanakho ukuvikela{3}}izinga lokushisa eliphansi okufanele.
I-lithium plating ingunaphakade futhi ayibuyiseleki emuva. Amaseli alahlekelwa amandla angu-20-30% ngokushesha futhi aqhubeke ehlisa isithunzi. Akukho ukulungisa ngaphandle kokumiselela.
Uma usebenza ezindaweni ezibandayo, ngenisa izinqola endlini ngaphambi kokushaja noma utshale imali kumaphakethe ane-BMS eshisayo. Inketho ye-BMS eshisiwe yengeza mhlawumbe u-$200-300 ngephakethe kodwa ivimbela isimo sokulahlekelwa okuphelele.
Engikwaziyo Nengingakwazi Ngabahlinzeki
Ngizokhuluma nawe ngokuqondile: Ngisebenze ngokuqondile nabahlinzeki bebhethri abangaba ngu-5-6 kule minyaka embalwa edlule. Ulwazi lwami ngabanye lusetshenziswa ekuxhumaneni nomkhakha kanye nezingxoxo zeforamu.
Abahlinzeki Engibasebenzisile Empeleni
Amaseli ka-EVE abeqinile kithi. Sikhiphe mhlawumbe amaphekhi angu-200+ sisebenzisa amaseli awo e-prismatic angu-280Ah futhi izinga lokuhluleka libe ngaphansi kuka-2%. Imibhalo yabo ye-QC inemininingwane futhi iyalandeleka.
Ngibe nolwazi oluncane oluqondile ngamaseli e-CATL kodwa ozakwethu abawasebenzisayo babika ikhwalithi efanayo. Intengo iphakeme kancane kodwa ukungaguquguquki kubonakala kuyakuthethelela.
Abahlinzeki Engibazi Ngedumela Kuphela
I-lithium line ye-Trojan ithola ukubuyekezwa okuhle okuvela emkhakheni we-resort. Ukuthunyelwa kwabo e-La Cala e-Spain, amakalishi angu-200 aguqulelwe ku-LiFePO4,{3}}kubhalwe phansi futhi i-GM lapho ibike ukwehliswa kwezindleko okunengqondo. Angikaze ngisebenze ngemikhiqizo yabo, ngakho-ke angikwazi ukukhuluma nemininingwane engaphezulu kwalokho okushicilelwe. (trojanbattery.com)
Ibhethri ye-Eco ibonakala inokulandela okuqinile phakathi kwabathengisi bezinqola zegalofu base-US. Ukwesekwa kwabo kwezobuchwepheshe kubonakala kukhethekile ngokusekelwe empendulweni yesithangami, futhi iwaranti yeminyaka eyi-8-10 iyaqhudelana. Kodwa futhi, angikaziqinisekisi lezi zimangalo ngokwami.
Abahlinzeki engingabaqaphela
Ngeke ngiwasho amabhrendi athile, kodwa qaphela kakhulu kunoma yimuphi umphakeli ongakwazi ukuhlinzeka:
- Amadokhumenti omkhiqizi weseli anezinombolo ze-serial ezilandelekayo
- Ukumelana kwangaphakathi nedatha yokuhlola umthamo wamaseli athile ephaketheni lakho
- Sula ukucaciswa kwe-BMS kufaka phakathi okuqhubekayo KANYE nezilinganiso zamanje eziphezulu
- Ikheli lendawo kanye nenombolo yocingo ephendulwa ngempela
Uma amakhodi e-QR kumaseli eklwejwa noma embozwe ngetheyiphu, hamba. Lokho kuhlale kuwuphawu lokuthi iBanga B noma amaseli asindisiwe adluliswa njengamasha.
Uhlu Lokuhlola Ukuthengwa Kwempahla Okubalulekile
Uma ngibuyekeza izingcaphuno zamaklayenti, nakhu engikufunayo:
Kufanele-Ibe Nemibhalo
- Umkhiqizi weselula nenombolo yemodeli (hhayi nje i-"LiFePO4")
- Isitifiketi sebanga leseli (Ibanga A elinemibiko yokuhlolwa)
- Umkhiqizi we-BMS kanye nemodeli
- Isilinganiso sokukhipha esiqhubekayo se-BMS KANYE nesilinganiso sokukhishwa okuphezulu
- Ibanga lokushisa elisebenzayo (ikakhulukazi{0}}izinga eliphansi lokunqamuka)
- Isilinganiso sempilo yomjikelezo ku-DOD ethile (imvamisa engu-80% DOD)
- Imigomo yewaranti ehlanganisa umkhawulo wokugcina umthamo
Imibuzo Eveza Ikhwalithi Yomhlinzeki
- "Ithini iseli yakho-ukuze{1}}ibekezelele ukuhambisana nomthamo we-cell?" (Kufanele ibe Ngaphansi noma ilingane no-30mV)
- "Ingabe i-BMS yakho isekela ukulinganisa okusebenzayo noma okwenziwayo?" (Iyasebenza ingcono ekusetshenzisweni kwemikhumbi)
- "Iyini inqubo yakho yewaranti yezimangalo zokwehliswa kwamandla?" (Izimpendulo ezingacacile=ngezinkinga kamuva)
- "Ingabe unganikeza izinkomba ezivela ekusetshenzisweni kwemikhumbi ezinosayizi ofanayo?"
Amafulegi Abomvu
- Intengo engaphezu kuka-30% ngaphansi kwesilinganiso semakethe
- Ayikwazi ukucacisa umkhiqizi weseli
- Iwaranti idinga ukuthumela amabhethri emuva e-China ngezindleko zekhasimende
- Alukho usekelo lwendawo lobuchwepheshe noma ozakwethu besevisi abagunyaziwe
Lapho I-Lithium Ingenzi Mqondo
Ngithengisa amabhethri e-lithium ukuze ngiziphilise, ngakho kungase kubonakale kungavamile kimina ukusho lokhu, kodwa kunezimo lapho umthofu-i-asidi iwukukhetha okuhlakaniphile:
Hlala Nomthofu-Uma:
- Izinqola zakho zikusivumelwano sokuqashisa seminyaka emi-3 esingakuvumeli ukuguqulwa kwebhethri
- Usesifundeni esinamandla angathembekile kanye nokunyuka kwamandla kagesi avamile (i-lithium BMS izwela kakhulu)
- Ithimba lakho labalungisayo alinalwazi nge-lithium futhi awukwazi ukukunikeza uqeqesho
- Amakalishi asondela ekupheleni-kokuphila{1}}futhi uhlela ukushintshwa okugcwele phakathi neminyaka engu-2
- Ukusetshenziswa kwakho kuphansi ngempela (ngaphansi kwemijikelezo eyi-150 ngonyaka)
Kulezi zimo, ikhwalithi yokuhola-i-asidi evela ku-Trojan noma i-US Battery iseyinketho enengqondo. Igama eliyinhloko "ikhwalithi." Umthofu oshibhile owenziwe ngejenerikhi{3}}i-asidi ihluleka ngokushesha kune-lithium ejwayelekile eshibhile, futhi imodi yokwehluleka (i-sulfation, i-plate shedding) ivame ukuba messier.
Kwenzekani Ngokulandelayo
Uma ufunde kuze kube manje, cishe uzimisele ngokuthola izingcaphuno zangempela. Nasi isiphakamiso sami:
Thola izingcaphuno okungenani kubahlinzeki abathathu. Qiniseka ukuthi ikhotheshini ngayinye icacisa umkhiqizi weseli ofanayo, umthamo ofanayo, izicaciso ze-BMS ezifanayo. "48V lithium battery" akuyona into ebekiwe. "I-48V 105Ah LiFePO4 enamaseli e-EVE 280Ah, i-200A eqhubekayo / 400A ephakeme kakhulu ye-BMS, i-UN38.3 ne-IEC 62619 eqinisekisiwe" isicaciso.
Qhathanisa izingcaphuno ze-TCO yeminyaka eyi-10, hhayi nje intengo yokuthenga. Iphakethe elibiza u-20% ngaphezulu kodwa elihlala isikhathi eside ngo-30% liyidili elingcono.
Bese ucela amareferensi. Noma yimuphi umphakeli owenze{1}izikali zokuthunyelwa kwemikhumbi uzoba namakhasimende azimisele ukukhuluma. Uma bengakwazi ukuhlinzeka ngezithenjwa, lokho kukutshela okuthile.
*Idatha yentengo ibonisa u-Q4 2024 / Q1 2025 izimo zemakethe. Izinguquko zesifunda ziyasebenza. Ukuze uthole-izikali zezilinganiso zesilinganiso samandla kagesi kanye nokucaciswa komthamo okufaniswa nezidingo zakho zokusebenza, xhumana nethimba lethu labadayisi bezobuchwepheshe. Sizosebenzisa izinombolo ze-TCO ngedatha yakho yangempela yokusebenzisa.*
