I-Pallet Jack Impilo Yebhethri: Izinto Ezithinta Isikhathi Sokusebenza Nokuphila Okude

Kuzo zonke-imikhumbi yokusabalalisa amashifu amabili siyiguqule ukusuka ku-lead-i-asidi kuya ku-LiFePO4 eminyakeni emithathu edlule, amaphethini okugcina umthamo ayahambisana ngokwanele ukuze kuhlelwe kahle. Amayunithi e-lithium ngokuvamile abamba u-85-96% womthamo olinganiselwe unyaka wesithathu; I-acid egcwele{{8}i-asidi emijikelezweni yomsebenzi eqhathanisekayo iyehla ibe ngu-70-82% ngenyanga yeshumi nesishiyagalombili. Lowo mehluko unquma ukuthi amashifu aqeda ngokuthembekile noma opharetha baqala ukuzingela amabhethri ayisipele phakathi nemini ntambama.

 

Izici ezingezansi zishayela lelo gebe. Ezinye uzilawula ngokuqondile, ezinye zidinga izinqumo zemishini esigabeni sokuthenga.

Ukujula Kokukhipha Kuwukuguquguquka Okuyisisekelo Kokuphila Kade

Ubudlelwano phakathi kokujula kwakho kokukhipha ibhethri le-pallet jack kanye nokuthi mingaki imijikelezo eyisamba elisindayo abunamugqa-futhi ijika lijezisa umthofu-amakhemikhali e-asidi anzima kunalokho okusikiselwa amashidi amaningi.

Ku-50%ukujula kokukhishwa, i-acid egcwele-i-asidi ingase ilethe imijikelezo engu-1,200 ngaphambi kokuba umthamo wehle ngaphansi komkhawulo wokushintshwa ongu-80%. Phusha lelo bhethri libe ngu-80% DOD ngokungashintshi-okwenzeka kunoma yikuphi ukusebenza lapho amabhethri asebenza cishe angenalutho ngaphambi kokushajwa{7}}futhi impilo yomjikelezo igoqeka ibe imijikelezo engu-200-400. Ushintsho lwamaphuzu angama-30 ekuziphatheni kokukhishwa kubiza u-60-75% wempilo yonke yesevisi.

I-LiFePO4 iphendula ngokuhlukile. Isakhiwo sekristalu ye-olivine sibekezelela ukukhishwa okujulile ngaphandle kokuwohloka kwepuleti okusheshisiwe. Amabhethri alinganiselwe emijikelezweni engu-3,{4}} kokuthi 80% DOD empeleni aletha lezo zinombolo ngaphansi kwezimo ze-warehouse, hhayi nje izindawo ezilawulwayo zelebhu. Ekuqaphelweni kwethu kwemikhumbi kuwo wonke ama-24V pallet jack deployments, sibona amayunithi e-lithium egcina ukusebenza komjikelezo olinganiselwe ngisho nalapho o-opharetha ngokuvamile bekhipha ama-85% ngaphambi kokuxhuma{9}}indlela yokuziphatha enganciphisa ukuphila{10}i-asidi phakathi.

Izinga Lokushisa Lakha Ukwehluleka Okuvikeleke Kakhulu

Ukushisa kuhlanganisa yonke indlela yokuwohloka ku-electrochemistry yebhethri. Ukusebenza okusimeme ngo-33℃(92℃F) kunciphisa impilo-yesevisi ye-asidi cishe phakathi. Kodwa umonakalo oshisayo unqwabelana ngokungabonakali; ngesikhathi ukulahleka kwamandla kuba sobala ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwansuku zonke, ibhethri selivele selidlulile ukululama. Sibone izimoto zishintsha amabhethri ezinyangeni eziyi-18 obekumele ngabe zithathe iminyaka emine, kulandelwa izindawo ezishaja ezinomoya onganele okungekho muntu obecabanga ukuwukala.

 

Isitoreji esibandayoyilapho izindlela zokwehluleka zigxila khona. Umthamo we-asidi womthofu wehla ngo-20-35% -ngo-18℃. Ibhethri elingu-315Ah elilingana nezibalo zezinga lokushisa le-ambient lingase lilethe kuphela u-200-250Ah endaweni yokugcina impahla yesiqandisi{13}akwanele ukushintshwa okugcwele uma usayizi wangempela ucabanga ngezimo ezivamile. Ukudla okufriziwe okungu-3PL esikunikeze ngo-2023 kwakuchaze ukuhola kwakho{14}}kwemikhumbi ye-asidi ngokusekelwe ekuhlaziyweni komjikelezo wezinga lesitezi; izinyanga ezintathu ziqalile ukusebenza, bebeshintshanisa amabhethri phakathi nendawo ngoba ukulahleka kwamandla ezinga lokushisa elibandayo bekungekho kumodeli yanoma ubani.

 

Ukushintsha kwendawo yezinga lokushisa kubangela izinkinga ezithatha izinyanga ukuxilonga ngendlela efanele. Ojeke bephalethi abahamba ngokuphindaphindiwe phakathi kwezindawo eziqandisiwe nezizungezile bathuthukisa ukuminyana kumatheminali amabhethri kanye nogesi we-BMS. Lobo mswakamo buba yiqhwa lapho ubuyela endaweni yokugcina ebandayo, udale ukugqwala nokwehluleka kokuxhumeka ngezikhathi ezithile. Amathimba okunakekela cishe awalokothi alandelele lokhu emuva kumabhayisikili ashisayo ngenxa yokuthi izimpawu-zokuvalwa okungahleliwe, isimo esingaguquki-sokufunda{5}}amashaji{6}}kubukeka njengamaphutha kagesi.

 

Kukhona futhi ukusebenzisana kwe-hydraulic opharetha abaningi abaphuthelwa ngokuphelele. Uketshezi olujwayelekile lwe-hydraulic lujiya kakhulu lube ngaphansi kuka-0℃F (-18℃), okubangela ukusabela kokuphakamisa okuvilaphayo. Injini idonsa okwamanje kakhulu izama ukunxephezela, okusheshisa ukukhishwa kwebhethri futhi kwengeze ukucindezelwa okushisayo. Ukusebenza emakhazeni ashubile ngokuvamile kudinga ukushintshela ku-AW-32 grade noma MIL-PRF-5606J specication hydraulic fluid-rated for operation down to -54℃-ngaphambi kokuthi babone ukusebenza kwebhethri okuzinzile. Lena akuyona inkinga yebhethri, kodwa ibonakala njengeyodwa.

 

I-LiFePO4 Pallet jack amabhethri anekheli elihlanganisiwe lokushisisa isitoreji esibandayo ngqo. I-BMS iqapha izinga lokushisa kweseli futhi yenza izifudumezi zangaphakathi zisebenze ngesikhathi sokushaja noma lapho amaseli ehla ngaphansi kwebanga lokusebenza elifanele. Kuzinhlelo zokusebenza zesiqandisi, amaphakethe e-lithium ashisayo aqeda inkinga-yokushintshwa kwamashifu ngokuphelele. Izimfuneko ze-OSHA ezingaphansi kuka-29 CFR 1910.178(g) zigunyaza izindawo zokushaja ezizinikele ezinomoya omncane, iziteshi zokugeza amehlo, kanye nokuqukatha ukuchitheka kwezimfuneko zomthofu{{7}ze-asidi{8}}engasebenzi kumasistimu e-lithium avaliwe. Lokho yizindleko zengqalasizinda ezibiza kancane uma kuqhathaniswa ne-TCO.

Ukuziphatha Ukushaja Kusebenza Ngokuphambene Phakathi Kwamakhemikhali

Ngaso sonke isikhathi uma ibhethri-eliyi-asidi lijikeleza, kwakheka amakristalu e-lead sulfate kumapuleti ngesikhathi sokuphuma futhi ancibilike phakathi nokushajwa. Izindleko ezingaphelele zishiya amakristalu ayinsalela aqina ngokuhamba kwesikhathi{2}}inqubo ye-sulfation ebangela ukwehluleka okuningi komthofu{3}kungaphambi kwesikhathi{3}}kuzinhlelo zokusebenza zezimboni.

"Ithuba lokushaja"{{0}ukufaka phakathi kwekhefu noma phakathi kwemisebenzi-kusheshisa ukucwenga ngenxa yokuthi ingxenye ngayinye yeshaji ibalwa njengomjikelezo ogcwele uma kuqhathaniswa nenani elilinganiselwe lebhethri. Yingakho iziqondiso zokugcinwa kwe-asidi eziholayo{3}zigcizelela umthetho wama-80%: khipha ku-80% DOD, bese uqedela umjikelezo wokushaja ogcwele ngaphambi kokubuyela kusevisi. amabhethri ahlala ebona ukuwohloka kwamandla okusheshayo kanye nempilo yesevisi ephelele.

Ikhemikhali ye-lithium ihlehlisa lesi sivimbelo ngokuphelele. Izindleko eziyingxenye azibalwa njengokusetshenziswa komjikelezo ogcwele. I-electrochemistry iphatha izimo zokushaja eziguquguqukayo ngaphandle kwesijeziso, okusho ukuthi ukuxhuma phakathi kwanoma isiphi isikhathi sokungenzi lutho kunweba ukutholakala kwansuku zonke ngaphandle kokusheshisa ukuguga. Kumisebenzi enamashejuli angaqageleki noma amawindi okushaja akhawulelwe, lo mehluko wokuziphatha uwedwa ngokuvamile uvumela ukuhlola ukushintshwa kwebhethri le-lithium pallet jack.

Yini Ebulala Amabhethri Ngaphambi Kokulinganiswa Kwempilo Yesevisi

Umugqa wesikhathi we-sulfation womthofu-we-asidi: ibhethri elilahliwe elishiywe lihlezi 24-amahora angu-48 liqala ukukhula kwekristalu okulinganisekayo. Ngemva kweviki ngaphandle kokushaja, amakristalu aqina adlule lapho imijikelezo evamile yokushaja ingakwazi ukuwancibilikisa. Umthetho osebenzayo ulula-ukhokhisa ngokushesha ngemva kweshifu ngayinye, ngisho nokushintsha kancane. Amabhethri alahlwe ngempelasonto asevele aqongelela umonakalo unomphela.

Ukwehluleka kokugcinwa kwamanzi kubangela-isigaba esikhulu kunazo zonke sokuhluleka kwe-asidi ehola ngaphambi kwesikhathi-. Isidingo sesikhathi siphelele: engeza amanzi kuphela ngemva kokuqedwa kokushaja, ungalokothi ngaphambili. Ukushaja kubangela ukwanda kwe-electrolyte; ukweqa kusengaphambili kuholela ekuchichimeni kwe-asidi egqwalisa amatheminali futhi idale amafilimu e-conductive endaweni yebhethri. Lawo madiphozi e-asidi akha izindlela zokuvuza ezibangela ukuzikhipha-okuqhubekayo ngisho nalapho iyunithi ihlezi ingenzi lutho.

Izinga lamanzi{0}}alixoxiswana. Amanzi acwengekile noma ahlanganisiwe kuphela. Amanzi kampompi aqukethe amaminerali aphuma kumabhethri angaphakathi futhi asheshise inqubo yokucwenga phezu kwemijikelezo elandelayo.

I-LiFePO4 iqeda konke ukugcinwa kwamanzi. Ukwakhiwa okuvaliwe kusho ukuphathwa kwe-electrolyte eyiziro, ingozi yokuchayeka kwe-asidi eyiziro, nokuthobelana namazinga okuphepha e-UL 2580 kanye ne-IEC 62619 yezicelo zamandla enhloso yemboni-izitifiketi eziqinisekisa ukuvikelwa kokubaleka kwe-thermal kanye{5}}neleveli yokuqukatha iphutha.

I-Voltage Sag Ithinta{{0}Umthamo Wangempela Womthwalo Womhlaba

Lesi sici asivamile ukuvela ekuqhathanisweni kweshidi elithile kodwa sivele ngokushesha ekusebenzeni.

Amabhethri-e-asidi yomthofu alahlekelwa amandla kagesi ngokuqhubekayo njengoba ephuma. I-pallet jack elinganiselwe ku-3,500{7}}umthamo wokuphakamisa amaphawundi ngokushajwa okuphelele ingase ithwale kanzima ngemithwalo engu-2,600{{8}emva kwamahora ambalwa okusebenza njengoba amandla kagesi ehla ngaphansi kwamazinga afanele enjini esebenza ngamanzi. Ama-opharetha anxephezela ngokusebenza ngokushesha ekuqaleni kwamashifu kanye nokwehlisa ijubane njengoba amabhethri eba buthakathaka-noma ngokushiya amabhethri akhishwe kancane ukuze athole amasha.

I-LiFePO4 igcina i-voltage engaguquki kuyo yonke ijika yayo yokukhipha kuze kube yilapho isondela kumkhawulo ophansi-we-voltage cutoff. Phakamisa ukusebenza ngehora lokuqala lokufana nokusebenza ngehora lesikhombisa. Ngokusingatha okuguquguqukayo kokusebenza noma eduze-imithwalo emikhulu phakathi nosuku lonke lomsebenzi, lokhu kuvumelana kwamandla kagesi kusho ukubikezela kokuphuma komsebenzi kunokuba kwehle ukusebenza njengoba amashifu eqhubeka.

Imibuzo Emithathu Enquma Ukuthi I-Lithium Iwenza Umqondo Wezezimali

Ngaphambi kokucela ukuhlaziya okuningiliziwe, ungakwazi ukuhlola{0}}ukusebenza kwakho ngokungahambisani nalezi zindlela zokunquma:

Uma ezimbili noma ezintathu zalokhu zisebenza, icala le-ROI cishe linamandla. Uma ungenaso isiqiniseko sokuthi umsebenzi wakho uwela kuphi-ikakhulukazi uma usebenzisa-ishifu eyodwa kodwa ubhekene nesitoreji esibandayo noma-imijikelezo esindayo{4}}yilokho kanye ukuhlaziya kwemikhumbi okuklanyelwe ukukucacisa.