Ukucacisa Iphakethe Lebhethri Le-Lithium Le-AGV Yangokwezifiso: Izinkambu Ezinquma Ukuthi Liyahlanganiswa

Imoto eqondisiwe eyi-48V iqala ukusebenza. Amaseli ayiBanga-A, izilinganiso zamandla ngaphakathi kokubekezelelana, futhi isampuli yamukelwe ebhentshini emavikini adlule. Bese imoto iqala ukuma esiteshini sokuphakamisa, hhayi wonke umjikelezo futhi hhayi ngokubikezela, kodwa ngokuvamile ngokwanele ukuthi isihlanganisi sivula isimangalo sekhwalithi ngokumelene nomnikezeli webhethri.

Iphakethe lilungile. Okwahluleka kwaba ukucaciswa.

Iphakethe lebhethri le-lithium le-AGV langokwezifiso lihlala ngaphakathi kweketango likagesi, elomshini nesofthiwe elihlanganisa i-inverter, ishaja, isihleli sezindiza, isilawuli sokuphepha kanye nengqondo yokulawula imoto. Amandla kagesi amancane kanye namahora{1}}awachaza cishe konke lokho. Ngakho-ke lesi sihloko asibuyekezi ukuqhathanisa kwamakhemikhali noma ukuthi i-lithium beats lead-asidi; kunkundla ye-AGV esivele ichaziwe, umbuzo owusizo kakhulu ukuthi yiziphi izinkambu okufanele zibhalwe phansi ngokunembile ukuze iphekhi yephekhi ethunyelwe ingene futhi iqalise.

Imikhuba emibili ilolonga yonke into engezansi.

Umthamo omncane uba wusizo kuphela ngemva kokuqondwa kwephrofayela yemoto yamanje neyokushaja. Amandla akutshela ukuthi angakanani amandla agciniwe; ayikutsheli ukuthi ingabe iphekhi lingakwazi yini ukunikeza i-lift transient, lilulame ngesikhathi-iwindi lokushaja, noma lihlale ngaphakathi kwemikhawulo yamandla kagesi yesilawuli phakathi nomcimbi{2}}ophakeme wamanje.

Yingakho iIgayidi yokukhetha ibhethri ye-AGVeyakhelwe nxazonke Ah iyodwa ixazulula inkinga engalungile. Qala ngoshintsho olumele: log noma linganisela amandla okuhamba, i-lift noma i-actuator imithwalo, ukusetshenziswa kokungenzi lutho, umthwalo wekhompiyutha ongaphakathi kanye namafasitela angempela okushaja atholakalayo phakathi kwemisebenzi. Guqula isidingo sokushintsha sibe i-kWh, bese uhlanganisa leso sibalo nesiqhubekayo nesiphezulu ukuze unqume ukucushwa kwebhethri okudingekile.

Isikhathi sokushaja naso kufanele sithathwe njengesithiyo sesistimu. Iphekhi ingase yamukele ukushajwa okungu-1C, kodwa iphrojekthi isengahluleka uma ishaja ingakwazi ukuyiletha, i-BMS yehlisa izinga lokushisa kwamaseli langempela, noma umhleli wemikhumbi akalokothi anikeze isikhathi esanele sokuhlala. Izinkundla ezijwayelekile ze-AGV ze-Polinovel zisekela ukulungiselelwa ukusuka ku-0.5C ukuya ku-5C, kodwa izinga elikhethiwe kufanele lilandele iphrofayela yokusebenza elinganisiwe kunokuncamela inombolo eshesha kakhulu kumininingwane.

I-Peak current ingeyesibili yabathengi bokufaka abavamisile ngaphansi-okucacisiwe. Ukusheshisa, ukuphakamisa insika kanye nokusebenza kwe-hydraulic kungadala imicimbi emifushane engathinti i-kWh yansuku zonke kodwa kunqume ukuthi ibhethri lihlala liku-inthanethi yini. Ezinqoleni ezingaphakathi kwezindawo zokugcina izinto ezizenzakalelayo, ukusebenzisana phakathi komjikelezo wemisebenzi, isu lokushaja kanye nezilawuli zezimoto kuhlanganiswa ngokwehlukana kwethu.Igayidi yokukhetha ibhethri ye-AGV.

I-oda elisebenzayo liwukuthi: ukukala amandla ngokushintshana ngakunye, thwebula amandla amanje aqhubekayo, thwebula umthamo wamanje ophezulu kanye nobude bawo, thola amawindi angempela ashajayo, bese ukhetha umthamo kanye nenani lokushaja. Lokho chungechunge kuguqula ibhethri lisuke ekuthengeni i-Ah libe isicaciso sesistimu engaphansi.

A iphakethe lebhethri langokwezifiso lemoto eqondiswayo ezenzakalelayoukusetshenziswa akufanele kucashunwe kuze kube yilapho umphakeli esekwazi ukuxazulula izinkambu eziyisishiyagalolunye ngezansi. Kuphrojekthi ye-48V, lezi zakha isethi yokusebenza yeUkucaciswa kwephakethe lebhethri le-48V AGV; isakhiwo esifanayo sisebenza kwamanye amapulatifomu kagesi.

Ukwengezwa okubaluleke kakhulu akuyona enye inombolo yegama. Ukuze kwamukelwe amandla-ancipha, i-RFQ kufanele idinge umphakeli ukuthi adaluleumkhawulo wangempela we-BMS we-undervoltage kanye nokubambezeleka okumisiwe kwemodeli ehlongozwayo, bese ubonisa umphumela ngaphansi kwe-pulse yamanje okuvunyelwene ngayo. Umugqa wokwamukela owusizo ubukeka kanje:

Alikho inani lokubambezeleka elibophezelekile ukuze likopishelwe kukho konke ukucaciswa kwebhethri. Ukumelana nekhebula, ukumelana nesixhumi, i-impedance yeseli, ukunqanyulwa kwesilawuli kanye nobude besikhathi somthwalo wemishini konke kushintsha umphumela. Inombolo iba usizo kuphela uma iboshelwe kumcimbi womthwalo olinganisiwe kanye nomkhondo wokwamukela.

Izinga lokushisa lokushaja nokukhipha kufanele nalo kuhlale kuhlukene. Iphekhi elijwayelekile lingakwazi ukudedela ngaphansi kwezingaqhwa ngenkathi lisavimbe inkokhiso -ezingeni elingaphansi kwezinga lokushisa leseli. Uma iphrojekthi yesitoreji ebandayo-idinga-ukuzifudumeza ngokwakho, cacisa izinga lokushisa ledokhi eliphansi kakhulu, i-heater{5}}vumela ukunengqondo, ukushaja{6}}izinga lokushisa lokuvula kanye nesikhathi esiphezulu esamukelekayo sokufudumala{7}}ngaphambi kokuthi kuqale ukushaja. Ungadlulisi amaphesenti angu-−20℃noma −40℃umthamo ukusuka komunye umndeni wephekhi ngaphandle kwalapho umphakeli enganikeza umbiko wokuhlola wokucushwa okuhlongozwayo.

I-Ballast ingeyokucaciswa okufanayo. Iphakethe le-lithium elingena esikhundleni sebhethri elisindayo lingashintsha isisindo imoto eklanywe ngaso nxazonke. I-Polinovel ishicilele isakhiwo esingu-48V 315Ah esingena esikhundleni sephekhi engu-300Ah NCA emishinini ye-Toyota BT ene-counterweight ehlanganisiwe ukuze kubuyiselwe ibhalansi edingekayo. Isifundo akukhona ukuthi yonke imoto idinga i-ballast. Iwukuthi isisindo sokubuyisela singesokubonwa komshini ngaphambi kokuba indawo ebiyelwe ikhishwe.

 

Ukuvikelwa kokungena kufanele kufakwe kumephu kusimo sokuphakelwa kunokuba kukhethwe njengenombolo yodumo. Endaweni yokugcina impahla eyomile yasendlini, i-IP54 ingase ibe imfuneko eyanele yokuqala. Uthuli, umswakama kanye nokuchayeka kwe-splash kuvame ukuyisa ingxoxo ku-IP65. Geza{{4}izindawo ezansi noma imizila eyeqa ngokuphindaphindiwe umngcele wesitolo obandayo-obandayo kufanele ihlolwe ku-IP67 kanye nemfuneko yokulawula ukufiphala{7}}okucacile. Umphakeli kusafanele aqinisekise indawo ebiyelwe yona kanye nokucushwa kwesixhumi.

"I-CAN iyahambisana" akuyona imfuneko yokuxhumana ephelele. Isistimu yebhethri inezingqimba okungenani ezine zokuxhumana okufanele ziqinisekise: izintambo ezibonakalayo, isilinganiso sebhithi, ukuqaliswa kwephrothokholi kanye ne-semantics yomlayezo.

Ukulungisa iphutha ngendlela efanele kusindisa isikhathi esiningi esichithiwe: isendlalelo esibonakalayo kuqala, bese kuba isilinganiso sebhithi, inguqulo yephrothokholi kanye nesemantics. Ibhasi le-CAN ngaphandle kokunqanyulwa okulungile, izinqamuleli ezimbili ezingu-120-ohm ezinoyedwa ekugcineni kwe-trunk, zingakhiqiza ukuboniswa okufana nephutha lephrothokholi eyenzeka ngezikhathi ezithile. Izinti ezinde ezisuka esiqwini zingadala uphawu olufanayo. Ayikho inkinga ebonakalayo kusofthiwe.

I-Bit rate ikhandidethi elilandelayo, futhi umsebenzi wokuphina uza ngemva kwalokho. I-CAN High ehlehlisiwe kanye ne-CAN Low iphrezenta njengokuthulisa kunephutha lephrothokholi elizwakalayo, elingathumela ithimba lokuhlanganisa engxenyeni engalungile yesistimu.

Bese kuza ingxenye yokuhlola ukuqhubeka okungeke kuvezwe. Ibhethri lingabika inani elitholwa imoto ngokuhlanzekile futhi lisahumushe ngokungalungile ngenxa yokuthi iyunithi, isici sokukala, isihlonzi somlayezo, ifulegi lokuqinisekisa noma isikhawu sokubuyekeza siyahluka phakathi kwamaphethelo amabili. Uxhumano lukagesi luyasebenza, nokho isilawuli asikwazi ukwenza izinqumo ezinqunyiwe mayelana nendlela noma ukushaja.

Ukulungiswa kokucaciswa wukuqamba igama lokuxhumana okulethwayo. Bhala isixhumi esibonakalayo, izinga le-baud, iphrothokholi/inguqulo, isilawuli noma izimoto-igama lesofthiwe, amasignali adingekayo kanye namazinga okubuyekeza. Bese udinga ifayela le-DBC elihambisanayo, isichazamazwi sento ye-CANopen noma idokhumenti yephrothokholi efanayo ngaphambi kokwamukelwa kwesibonelo. "Ukusekelwa OKUNGENZA" akufanele neze kube umgomo wokwamukela.

Uhlu lwamabhrendi-lwedlule alubona ubufakazi bokuthi i-firmware yamanje ifana nokubuyekezwa kwesilawuli sakho noma isofthiwe yemikhumbi. Okubalulekile ukuthi ingabe umphakeli angakwazi ukwenza imephu yonke imilayezo edingekayo yomshini wangempela futhi anikeze ifayela umdidiyeli angalihlola. Ukuze uthole i-architecture yokuqapha eyisisekelo, bheka i-athikili yethu ethiI-AGV lithium battery pack CAN zokuxhumana ngebhasi.

Isiphetho silula: Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-CAN akuphelele kuze kube izinhlangothi zombili zivumelana ngencazelo yesignali, hhayi nje ukuxhumana kukagesi. Okuhlukile okushintsha ishejuli yephrojekthi ukuthi lezo zincazelo zemilayezo zisheshe zihloleke kangakanani; ukuzithola kuphela ngemva kokufika kwesibonelo esiphathekayo kushintsha ukwakheka kwebhethri kube uhlelo-lokulungisa amaphutha.

A iphakethe lebhethri le-lithium langokwezifiso lezimoto zezimbonikufanele kucaciswe kukho kokubili umgomo webhethri uqobo kanye nezidingo zokuphepha zemoto engashayeli lapho esebenza khona. Ifolda equkethe amalogo e-CE kanye ne-UN38.3 ayilona ulwazi olwanele lokuqinisekisa ukuthi ifayela lokuthobela lemoto eliqediwe liphelele.

Ezingeni lemoto,ISO 3691-4ihlanganisa amaloli nezimboni ezingashayeli, okuhlanganisa ama-AGV nama-AMR. Ibhethri ngokwayo ingase iwele ngaphansiI-IEC 62619:2022amaseli e-lithium yesibili yezimboni namabhethri. Phatha lokhu njengamazinga okufanele ububanzi bawo bufakwe kumephu emshinini wangempela kunokuthi ucabange ukuthi isitifiketi esisodwa sanelisa ngokuzenzakalela ingxenye elandelayo yokuhlola ukuthobelana.

Lo mehluko ubalulekile uma ufaneleka umphakeli. Buza ukuthi ingabe idokhumenti iyasebenza kuseli, umndeni webhethri ofanayo noma iphekhi ehlongozwayo ngqo. Cela isitifiketi noma inombolo yombiko, imodeli/ububanzi bomndeni, ukubuyekezwa okufanelekile kanye nemikhawulo yokumisa. Ubufakazi obuwusizo idokhumenti umdidiyeli noma umhloli wokuvumelana angafanisa nomkhiqizo ophambi kwabo.

I-EU Batteries Regulation ingeza isendlalelo sesibili sokuthenga. I-Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 isebenzisa umkhawulo ongu-2 kWh ezibophweni ezimbalwa ezithinta amabhethri ezimboni ashajekayo. Lowo mkhawulo ubamba ukulungiselelwa okuvamile kwe-AGV ngokushesha.

Ungatoliki lelo thebula njengelisho ukuthi zonke izibopho zesikhathi esizayo Zomthetho (EU) 2023/1542 sezivele zisebenza ngokugcwele. Izimfuneko eziningana zihlukaniswa. Idethi eyodwa amaqembu okuthenga kufanele avele aklame cishe umhla ka-18 Febhruwari 2027, lapho umgomo wethula izimfuneko zebhethri-zephasipoti kumabhethri ezimboni ngaphezu komkhawulo ofanele.

Kuphrojekthi ye-AGV, lokho kwenza izwe okuyiwa kulo libe okokufaka konjiniyela kunemininingwane yokuthumela. Ubunikazi be-BOM, ulwazi lwemodeli, ukukhiqiza{1}}idatha yesayithi namarekhodi obuchwepheshe kuba nzima kakhulu ukuwakha kabusha ngemva kokufakwa kwamathuluzi kanye nokukhiqizwa kufriziwe. Yisho imakethe yendawo ku-RFQ ukuze umphakeli akwazi ukubona ukuthi imaphi amadokhumenti okufanele abe khona ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa.

Isikhathi sesitifiketi naso singesohlelo lwephrojekthi. I-Polinovel njengamanje ishicilela izikhathi zokuhola ezibonisa cishe isonto elilodwa ze-MSDS, ezimbili ze-CE, ezine ze-UN38.3 futhi cishe eziyishumi zomsebenzi we-UL noma we-IEC ekucushweni okusha. Phatha lezo zibalo njengezilinganiso zokuhlela zabahlinzeki kunezikhathi zokucubungula ezisemthethweni; isidingo sangempela sincike ekutheni iyiphi imibiko ekhona ehlanganisa ngokusemthethweni isakhiwo esihlongozwayo.

Iphakethe lebhethri le-lithium le-AGV langokwezifiso ngokuvamile liyehluleka ukuhlanganiswa esixhumi esibonakalayo, hhayi ngenxa yokuthi Ibanga-Iseli kungazelelwe libe iseli elibi. Izindlela zokuhluleka eziphindaphindiwe zibalulekile ngoba ngayinye ingaguqulelwa into yokwamukela i-RFQ.

1. Isitifiketi asifaki lokho umthengi acabanga ukuthi sikuhlanganisa.Ukuqashelwa kwengxenye, isitifiketi seseli nokuhlola{0}}okuqediwe akushintsheki. Ngaphambi kokuthenga, fanisa isitifiketi noma umbiko wokuhlola nokucushwa okuqondile kanye nemakethe ehlosiwe kunokwamukela udonga lwelogo njengobufakazi.

2. Ishaja ithathwa njengesisetshenziswa sikagesi-kuphela.Ukulinganisa i-voltage yegama kuhlala kuncane kakhulu. I-voltage ephumayo, amandla okushaja, iphrofayela ye-CC/CV, isixhumi, imikhawulo yezinga lokushisa kanye nanoma iyiphi ishaja-kuya-ukuxhumana kwe-BMS konke kufanele kuvume. Ishaja engafani kahle ingafinyeza impilo yesevisi noma iqalise ukuvikeleka kuyilapho ibonakala ishaja ngokuvamile; isihloko sethu esihlanganisayoIzidingo zokuklama iphakethe lebhethri le-AGVinweba ohlangothini lokuhambisana-lokushaja.

3. I-voltage sag itholakala njengephakethe eliphelile.Uma imoto ima kuphela ngesikhathi sokusheshisa noma ukuphakamisa, bamba ugesi wamanje kanye netheminali ngomcimbi ngaphambi kokushintsha ibhethri. Igeji yekhebula, ukumelana nesixhumi, izilungiselelo zokungena kwamandla esilawuli kanye nesikhathi sokuvikela se-BMS kungadala uphawu olufanayo njengephekhi elibuthakathaka.

4. Isixhumanisi esisodwa seketango siyathuthukiswa futhi uphawu luyanyakaza.Amaseli, i-BMS, amabhasi, izintambo, abathintwayo abashajayo, ishaja, isilawuli nesofthiwe yemikhumbi yakha amandla-kanye{1}}nesistimu yokulawula eyodwa. I-More Ah ayikulungisi ukungafani kweshaja, futhi i-BMS ephezulu-yamanje ayilungisi isixhumi esinesayizi encane. Ukucaciswa kufanele kugcine umkhawulo kuyo yonke indlela.

5. I-prototype ifakazela i-prototype, hhayi ukuvumelana kokukhiqiza.Isampula liwusizo kuphela uma i-BOM yokukhiqiza,-imibandela yokuhlola iseli, i-firmware nenqubo yokuhlanganisa kulawulwa. Cela-umkhawulo wokwamukela iqembu kanye nemibandela yawo yokulinganisa. Ukuhlola kwe-LFP kwangaphakathi okushicilelwe kwe-Polinovel kusebenzisa-ukuze{5}}ukubekezelela amaseli njengokuguquguquka okulawulwayo; nge-RFQ, imfuneko engokoqobo iwukuba usho ubukhulu bomthamo/ukuvinjelwa ukusabalala umphakeli azokwamukela kanye ne-SOC nezinga lokushisa okukalwa ngalo.

Uma umphakeli enikeza inombolo ethize efana ne-Less than noma elingana no-3% wokubekezelela umthamo, buza ukuthi lelo phesenti lichazwa kanjani futhi liqinisekiswe kanjani. Inombolo engenazo izimo zokuhlola ingabukeka inembile kuyilapho ingachazi lutho oluphindayo.

Ukwenza ngendlela oyifisayo kuzuza izindleko zakho zobunjiniyela lapho kususa umgoqo wangempela wokuhlanganisa. Uma inkundla evamile isivele ihlangabezana nezidingo zikagesi, ezomshini, ezemvelo nezokuxhumana, ubunjiniyela bangokwezifiso bungangeza i-NRE kuphela, umsebenzi wokuqinisekisa kanye neshejuli.

Akukho ukunqanyulwa kwevolumu konyaka wonke jikelele-. I-Polinovel okwamanje ayishicileli i-MOQ engaguquki yohlelo lwayo lwe-AGV, futhi{2}}iphrojekthi yamayunithi ayishumi enendawo ebiyelwe ebalulekile noma inkinga yephrothokholi ingathethelela ukwenziwa ngendlela oyifisayo kuyilapho iphrojekthi yamayunithi ayikhulu ingase ingakudingi nhlobo. Sebenzisa ukuhlolwa kwe-amortization esikhundleni salokho:

Qhathanisa lowo{0}}umthwalo weyunithi ngayinye nezindleko kanye nengozi yokulungisa inkundla evamile. Uma inkundla evamile isivele ilingana, ukwakheka ngokwezifiso kufanele kususe enye ingcuphe elinganisekayo ukuze iziphendulele.

Isheduli ingakhipha iphrojekthi ngokushesha nje. Umsebenzi wesibonelo, ukuqinisekiswa kwemoto, ukukhishwa kokukhiqiza nanoma imaphi amadokhumenti amasha konke kudla isikhathi sekhalenda. Uma usuku lokuqalisa lungakwazi ukwamukela ukuhlolwa kwemoto emele, ibhethri liyindawo engafanele yokwethula okuguquguqukayo okungagunyaziwe.

Ubunikazi bobunjiniyela bangaphakathi ngomunye umngcele. Othile ngasohlangothini lomthengi udinga ukuhlinzeka ngemikhawulo yamandla kagesi yesilawuli, ukulandelelwa kwamanje, ulwazi lweshaja, imidwebo eyimishini namasignali afundwa isofthiwe yemikhumbi. Umphakeli angasiza ekuguquleni lokho okokufaka ekucaciseni, kodwa ngeke akwazi ukukuchaza ngokunembile ukusuka kokuthi "48V 100Ah, CAN edingekayo."

Kukhona futhi umkhawulo-wokuhlinzeka ohlangothini. Amaphakethe e-AGV e-Polinovel awanikezwa njengezixazululo ze-ATEX/IECEx zomkhathi oqhumayo. Iphrojekthi edinga leyo ndawo kufanele yenqatshwe noma iqondiswe kabusha ngaphambi kwekhotheshini kunokuba itholwe ngemva kokuqala komklamo.

Uhlobo lokuphakelwa lusashintsha ukuthi yikuphi okokufaka okubusayo. Ku-AGV{1}}yendlela ye-ambient egxilile, amandla okushintsha alinganisiwe kanye nemicimbi ephakeme kakhulu eqinisekisiwe{2}}ingase yanele ukuze kutholwe imvilophu kagesi. Ku-AMR, ukusheshisa okuphindaphindiwe, ukuhlela kabusha umzila nokubamba ikhompyutha kungenza umkhondo wamanje nomthwalo wokulinda kubaluleke kakhulu. Emotweni yesitoreji ebandayo{{5}, indawo yedokhu eshajayo inganquma ukuthi ukuzifudumeza{6}}kuyimpoqo.

Isiphetho siyashintsha uma noma yikuphi kwaleyo mibono kushintsha. I-AGV ebizwa ngokuthi i-ambient eqa i-threshold yesiqandisi, i-AMR eyengeza ikhompuyutha ebonayo enkulu, noma imoto yomzila-egxilile ezuza imojula yokuphakamisa ingadinga ukumiswa kwebhethri okuhlukile ngisho nalapho i-voltage ne-Ah ingashintshi. Yingakho umkhondo wangempela wokusebenza kwemoto ungowokucaciswa.

Okokufaka okulandelayo kudalula izikhala eziningi zokuhlanganisa ngaphambi kwekhotheshini. Ukuthumela okokufaka kobunjiniyela obuphathekayo okuyisikhombisa kubaluleke kakhulu kunokuthumela idokhumenti ende yokuthengwa kwempahla ejwayelekile engenawo umkhondo wamanje noma imikhawulo yesilawuli.

Engeza ubuningi, izwe okuyiwa kulo kanye nezitifiketi ezidingekayo embuzweni ofanayo. Kumaphrojekthi e-EU angaphezu kuka-2 kWh, phinda uhlonze ukuthi ubani ozoba umnikazi-wenqubo yedatha yephasipoti kumayunithi abekwe emakethe uma leso sibopho sesisebenza.

Ngokuncipha kwamandla kagesi, ungamukeli i-"3C peak" iyodwa. Iphakethe kufanele icashunwe ngokumelene naloama-ampere kanye nobude besikhathi kanye ne-voltage encane yokugcina, ngoba i-300A ye-100 ms kanye ne-300A imizuzwana emithathu ibeka izidingo ezihluke kakhulu kumaseli, ama-conductor kanye nokuvikelwa kwe-BMS.

Okubili okulethwayo kufanele kubizwe esikhundleni sokusikisela: idokhumenti yokuxhumana okufanele ngaphambi kokwamukelwa kwesibonelo, kanye nedokhumenti yesiqinisekiso efaniswe nokucushwa okucashuniwe. Iiphakethe lebhethri langokwezifiso lemoto eqondiswayo ezenzakalelayoIkhasi lamandla libala uhla lwamanje lwezinketho zemishini, zikagesi, isixhumi esibonakalayo kanye nokwenziwa ngokwezifiso kwemvelo.

Ikhasi lamandla lingakutshela ukuthi yini elungisekayo; ayikwazi ukukhetha inhlanganisela yemoto. Impendulo ishintsha ngewindi le-voltage yesilawuli, -ubude besikhathi samanje, ukuxhumana kweshaja, isisindo sendawo ebiyelwe nendawo{2}}izimfuneko zemakethe. Lezo ziguquguqukayo zidinga ukuxazululwa ngaphambi kokuthi ikhotheshini ithuthele ku-prototype.

Umphakeli kufanele akwazi ukukhombisa izinto ezintathu ngaphambi kwe-oda: isixhumi esibonakalayo sokuxhumana sibhalwe phansi, ubufakazi bokuhambisana buhambisana nokucushwa okuhlongozwayo, futhi i-prototype imele i-BOM yokukhiqiza. Lawo ngamasango eziqu kunezengezo ze-premium.

Umkhawulo wesimo ubalulekile ngokulandelayo. Ifayela le-DBC liwusizo kuphela uma liqukethe izinkambu ezifundwa yimoto ngempela. Isitifiketi siwusizo kuphela uma ububanzi baso buhlanganisa ukucushwa okuthengwayo. Isampula yokukhiqiza{3}}iwusizo kuphela uma ukuhlolwa kweselula, i-firmware nezilawuli zokuhlanganisa zihlala zinjalo ngemva kokugunyazwa.

Idatha{0}yesikali seqembu lokuqala kufanele isetshenziswe ngokucophelela. I-Polinovel okwamanje ishicilela amaphekhi ebhethri angaphezu kuka-12,000, izixazululo zebhethri zangokwezifiso ezingaphezu kuka-3,000, 100+ amabhrendi abambisene nokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe 80+. Lezo zibalo zisungula ulwazi lokukhiqiza, kodwa azifakazisi ukuthi ibhethri elithile lizohlangana nesilawuli esithile. Ubufakazi bephrojekthi buhlala{10} buwukucaciswa okuqondile kwemoto kanye nerekhodi lokuqinisekisa.

Uma imoto isivele ikhona kodwa imininingwane ingekho, iphakheji yokuqala ekhiqiza kakhulu imodeli ye-AGV, ilebula yebhethri ekhona noma umdwebo, ubukhulu bekhompathi, imodeli yeshaja kanye nomkhondo wamanje olinganisiwe. Izigaba zikagesi ezishicilelwe, izinketho zokuxhumana, ukucushwa kwemvelo kanye nolwazi lwephrojekthi luyatholakala kuUkucaciswa kwephakethe lebhethri le-48V AGVkanye nolwazi oluhlobene lweplathifomu ye-AGV.

Inqubo kufanele ibe lula ukuqinisekisa njengoba iphrojekthi iqhubeka: okokuqala i-RFQ ichaza imingcele, bese umphakeli eyiguqula ibe imidwebo kanye nezidingo ze-firmware, futhi ekugcineni ukuhlolwa kwe-prototype kukhiqiza ubufakazi obuphikisana nalezo zindawo ezifanayo. Uma imibandela yokwamukela ishintsha phakathi kwalezo zigaba, ingcuphe yokuhlanganisa ihlehlisiwe kuphela.