Iyini Indlela Yokushaja Yamashaja?
Indlela Yokushaja Yamashaja
Lesi sigaba sibonisa umgomo wokushaja kwamashaja ngokwethula ngokwehlukana izibonelo zezakhiwo ze-topological zamasekhethi eshaja angaqondile kanye nezinhlangothi ezimbili.
I-Unidirectional Charging Topology
Ishaja ibona ukuguqulwa phakathi kwe-AC ne-DC ngokusebenzisa izinto zikagesi zamandla. Ngokungenakugwenywa, izinto zikagesi zikagesi zethula amandla asebenzayo, futhi amandla asebenza ngokweqile angaholela ekuguquguqukeni kwamandla kagesi wegridi yamandla, ukuncipha kwekhwalithi yokuphakelwa kwamandla, kanye nokulahleka kolayini okwandisiwe. Isilinganiso samandla asebenzayo namandla abonakalayo kusekethe sichazwa njengesici samandla. Ukucindezela amandla asebenzayo amaningi anikezwa umsebenzisi wokugcina-kugridi yamandla, imikhawulo eqinile yesici samandla ibekwa kukho kokubili ukusetshenziswa kukagesi wezindawo zokuhlala nezimboni, ngokuvamile ongekho ngaphansi kuka-0.8~0.9. Enye yezindlela ezamukelwa ubuchwepheshe be-PFC (Power Factor Correction), obungaqeda ukungcoliswa kwe-harmonic kumadivayisi kagesi kagesi futhi kuthuthukise isici samandla okufakwayo.
Ubuchwepheshe-bugcwele besiteji-bebhuloho le-PFC bunikeza izinzuzo ezifana nesakhiwo esilula, ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu, kanye -ne-frequency transformer ephezulu-enokuthakasela okukabili, okuyenza ifanele{4}}ukusetshenziswa kwamandla aphezulu. -Isiteji esisodwa esigcwele-isiguquli se-PFC sebhuloho esisekelwe-esakhiweni esigcwele sebhuloho siboniswa kuMfanekiso 11-21. Isebenza ezifundeni ezimbili:ukuqhutshwa kwengalo engenhla nangaphansifuthiukuqhutshwa kwengalo okuphambene. Ngesikhathi sokuqhutshwa kwengalo engenhla nangaphansi, i-current in inductor yokufaka iyakhuphuka. Ngesikhathi sokuqhutshwa kwengalo ephambene, i-current in the input inductor iyawa. Isistimu yokulawula ilungisa isilinganiso (umjikelezo womsebenzi) wesikhathi sokuqhutshwa kwengalo engaphezulu nephansi ngaphakathi komjikelezo wokushaja nokukhipha we-inductor yokokufaka ukuze kulungiswe ubukhulu bamanje kusikhiqizi sokufakwayo, okwenza okokufaka kube igagasi elinesine esigabeni ne-voltage yokufaka. Lokhu ekugcineni kuqeda{4}}i-harmonic ye-oda yamanje ephezulu futhi kuzuza ukulungiswa kwesici samandla.
Ukuhlaziya inqubo yokugeleza kwamandla, kungase kubonakale ukuthi phakathi nokuqhutshwa kwengalo ephezulu nangaphansi, i-voltage yonkana-i-frequency transformer ephezulu ingu-0, futhi isihlungi se-capacitor esikhiphayo sinikeza amandla kumthwalo; ngesikhathi sokuqhutshwa kwengalo ephambene,{2}}i-frequency transformer ephezulu idlulisa amandla agcinwe ku-inductor yokufaka futhi inikeze
Amandla avela kukhebula lokufaka adluliselwa ohlangothini lwesibili lwe-transformer. Ngemva{1}}kokulungisa imvamisa ephezulu kanye nokuhlunga, kunikeza amandla emthwalweni. Ngokulawula umjikelezo womsebenzi wesistimu, i-voltage ephumayo ingashintshwa, kugcinwe i-voltage ephumayo enanini elilinganiselwe. Emjikelezweni owodwa wokusebenza, i-inductor yokufaka iqeda imijikelezo emibili yokushaja nokukhipha, futhi -i-frequency transformer ephezulu ijatshuliswa kabili, izikhombisi-ndlela ezimbili zenjabulo ziphambene. Lokhu kusebenzisa i-magnetic core ngendlela yokuphusha{6}}, ukuthuthukisa izinga lokusetshenziswa kukazibuthe le-transformer.
I-Bidirectional Charging Topology
Umfanekiso 11-22 ubonisa ukwakheka kwe-topological yesekethe eyinhloko yokushajwa nokushajwa kweshaja eqondiswa kabili, okufaka phakathi-ingxenye yezigaba ezintathu-isilungisi se-voltage somthombo we-PWM webhuloho kanye nesiguquli se-DC/DC esiyi-bidirectional.
Imithombo yamandla-yezigaba ezintathu ze-AC ivamise ukusetshenziswa ezimbonini{1}}ezinamandla kagesi aphezulu-naphezulu. I-Bidirectional isho ukuthi ukugeleza kwamandla kungaba ukusuka ohlangothini lwegridi kuya kubhethri yemoto, noma ukusuka ohlangothini lwebhethri kuya ohlangothini lwegridi. -Isigaba sesithathu-i-voltage yebhuloho-yomthombo we-PWM elungisayo emfanekisweni iwuhlobo lwesilungisi se-PWM esinezinhlangothi ezimbili, esinezinzuzo ezifana nokuzuza ukugeleza kwamandla okuphindwe kabili, ukusabela okuguquguqukayo okusheshayo, kanye nokusebenza okuhle{8}}okungaguquguquki. Lapho ingaphakathiisimo sokulungisa, amandla ageleza aphuma ohlangothini lwegridi, okwamanje i-sinusoidal, futhi isigaba sayo sifana ne-voltage yegridi; lapho isebenza ku-isimo sokuguqulwa esisebenzayo, amandla agcinwe ebhethrini lemoto kagesi abuyiselwa kugridi yamandla, futhi igridi-i-waveform eseceleni yamanje neyamanje kokubili kuyi-sinusoidal, nomehluko wesigaba ongu-180℃.
Isiguquli se-bidirectional DC/DC sinezinzuzo ezifana nokuphendula okuguquguqukayo okusheshayo, ukusebenza kahle kokuguqulwa kwamandla aphezulu, kanye namadivayisi anamandla ambalwa. Njengoba kubonisiwe kuMfanekiso 11-22, lapho ishaja ishaja ibhethri lemoto kagesi, shintsha.S1iyaqhuba, ngenkathi ishintshaS2ihlala icishiwe. Ngakho-ke, isilungisi se-PWM esinezinhlangothi ezimbili sisebenza esimweni sokulungiswa, futhi isiguquli se-DC/DC esinezinhlangothi ezimbili sisesimweni-sephansi, futhi amandla ageleza esuka ohlangothini lwegridi eya ohlangothini lwebhethri; uma ibhethri liphela, shintshaS2icishiwe, shintshaS1iyaqhuba, isiguquli se-DC/DC esinezinhlangothi ezimbili sisesimweni sokukhulisa-sokukhuphuka, futhi isilungisi se-PWM esinezinhlangothi ezimbili sisebenza esimweni sokuguqulwa esisebenzayo, futhi amandla agcinwe kubhethri abuyiselwa kugridi yamandla ngesilungisi.
